Category: Uncategorized

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v44-4

Brooke, Robert. Rev. of An Unquiet Pedagogy: Transforming Practice in the English Classroom by Eleanor Kutz and Hephzibah Roskelly; Social Issues in the English Classroom by C. Mark Hurlbert and Samuel Totten; Empowering Education: Critical Teaching for Social Change by Ira Shor. CCC 44.4 (1993): 590-594.

Crusius, Timothy W. Rev. of Sophistication: Rhetoric and the Rise of Self-Consciousness by Mark Backman; The Context of Human Discourse: A Configurational Criticism of Rhetoric by Eugene E. White. CCC 44.4 (1993): 594-596.

Gary Heba. Rev of Sociomedia: Multimedia, Hypermedia, and the Social Construction of Knowledge by Edward Barrett. CCC 44.4 (1993): 596-598.

Elbow, Peter. “Response to Glynda Hull, Mike Rose, Kay Losey Fraser, and Marisa Castellano, ‘Remediation as Social Construct.'” CCC 44.4 (1993): 587-588.

Hull, Glynda, et al. “Reply by Glynda Hull, Mike Rose, Kay M. Losey, and Marisa Castellano.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 588-589.

Devitt, Amy J. “Generalizing about Genre: New Conceptions of an Old Concept.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 573-586.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Genre Form Context Discourse Goals Content MBakhtin MAKHalliday

Works Cited

Bakhtin, M. M. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M. M. Bakhtin. Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin and London: U of Texas P, 1981. 259-422.

—. “The Problem of Speech Genres.” Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Ed. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Trans. Vern W. McGee. Austin: U of Texas P, 1986. 60-102.

Bazerman, Charles. Shaping Written Knowledge: The Genre and Activity of the Experimental Article in Science. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1988.

Bitzer, Lloyd F. “The Rhetorical Situation.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 1 (Winter 1968): 1-14.

Campbell, Karlyn Kohrs, and Kathleen Hall Jamieson, eds. Form and Genre: Shaping Rhetorical Action. Falls Church: Speech Communication Association, 1978.

Christie, Frances. “Genres as Choice.” Reid 22-34.

—. “Language and Schooling.” Language, Schooling, and Society. Ed. Stephen N. Tchudi. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1984. 21-40.

Coe, Richard M. ”An Apology for Form; or, Who Took the Form Out of the Process?” College English 49 (Jan. 1987): 13-28.

—. “Rhetoric 2001.” Freshman English News 3.1 (Spring 1974): 1-13.

Consigny, Scott. “Rhetoric and Its Situations.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 7 (Summer 1974): 175-86.

Derrida, Jacques. “The Law of Genre.” Trans. Avital Ronell. Critical Inquiry 7 (Autumn 1980): 55-82.

Devitt, Amy J. “Genre as Textual Variable: Some Historical Evidence from Scots and American English.” American Speech 64 (Winter 1989): 291-303.

—. “Intertextuality in Tax Accounting: Generic, Referential, and Functional.” Textual Dynamics of the Professions: Historical and Contemporary Studies of Writing in Professional Communities. Ed. Charles Bazerman and James Paradis. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1991. 336-57.

Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. “A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing.” College Composition and Communication 32 (Dec. 1981): 365-87.

Flower, Linda, et al. “Detection, Diagnosis, and the Strategies of Revision.” College Composition and Communication 37 (Feb. 1986): 16-55.

Freadman, Anne. “Anyone for Tennis?” Reid 91-124.

Freedman, Aviva. “Learning to Write Again: Discipline-Specific Writing at University.” Carleton Papers in Applied Language Studies 4 (1987): 95-115.

Halliday, M. A. K Language as Social Semiotic: The Social Interpretation of Language and Meaning. London: Edward Arnold, 1978.

Halliday, M. A. K, and Ruqaiya Hasan. Language, Context, and Text: Aspects of Language in a Social-Semiotic Perspective. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1989.

Jamieson, Kathleen ”Antecedent Genre as Rhetorical Constraint.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 61 (Dec. 1975): 406-15.

Kress, Gunther. “Genre in a Social Theory of Language: A Reply to John Dixon.” Reid 35-45.

Langer, Judith A. “Children’s Sense of Genre: A Study of Performance on Parallel Reading and Writing Tasks.” Written Communication 2 (Apr. 1985): 157-87.

Malinowski, B. “The Problem of Meaning in Primitive Languages.” Supplement 1. The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism. C. K Ogden and I. A. Richards. 10th ed. New York: Harcourt and London: Routledge, 1952. 296-336.

Miller, Carolyn R. “Genre As Social Action.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 70 (May 1984): 151-67.

Myers, Greg. Writing Biology: Texts in the Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1990.

Ongstad, Sigmund. “The Definition of Genre and the Didactics of Genre.” Rethinking Genre Colloquium. Ottawa, April 1992.

Prince, Michael B. “Literacy and Genre: Toward a Pedagogy of Mediation.” College English 51 (Nov. 1989): 730-49.

Reid, Ian, ed. The Place of Genre in Learning: Current Debates. Deakin University: Centre for Studies in Literary Education, 1987.

Reither, James A. “Writing and Knowing: Toward Redefining the Writing Process.” College English 47 (Oct. 1985): 620-28. Rpt. in The Writing Teachers’ Sourcebook. Ed. Gaty Tate and Edward P. J. Corbett. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford UP, 1988. 140-48.

Sommers, Nancy. “Revision Strategies of Student Writers and Experienced Adult Writers.” CCC 31 (Dec. 1980): 378-88.

Swales, John M. Genre Analysis: English in Academic and Research Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Titunik, 1. R. “The Formal Method and the Sociological Method (M. M. Baxtin, P. N. Medvedev, V. N. Volosinov) in Russian Theory and Study of Literature.” Volosinov [Bakhtin] 175-200.

Todorov, Tzvetan. Genres in Discourse. Trans. Catherine Porter. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Vatz, Richard. “The Myth of the Rhetorical Situation.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 6 (Summer 1973): 154-61.

Volosinov, V. N. [M. M. Bakhtin]. Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Trans. Ladislav Matejka and 1. R. Titunik. Cambridge and London: Harvard UP, 1986.

Mortensen, Peter and Gesa E. Kirsch. “On Authority in the Study of Writing.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 556-572.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 BraddockAward Authority Discourse Care Students Power Community Autonomy Theory Dialogic Feminism Scholars Composition Knowledge Models Ethics MBakhtin PBizzell

Works Cited

Arendt, Hannah. “What Was Authority?” Authority. Ed. Carl J. Friedrich. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1958. 81-112. Vol. 1 of Nomos. 34 vols. to date. 1958-.

“Authority.” Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed.

Bakhtin, M. M. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination. Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981. 259-422.

Barthes, Roland. “The Death of the Author.” Image-Music- Text. Trans. Stephen Heath. New York: Hill and Wang, 1977. 142-48.

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” When a writer Can’t write: Studies in writers Block and Other Composing Process Problems. Ed. Mike Rose. New York: Guilford, 1985. 134-65.

Bauer, Dale M. Feminist Dialogics: A Theory of Failed Community. Albany: State U of New York P, 1988.

—. “The Other ‘F’ Word: The Feminist in the Classroom.” College English 52 (Apr. 1990): 385-96.

Berkenkotter, Carol. “Student Writers and Their Sense of Authority over Texts.” CCC 35 (Oct. 1984): 312-19.

Berlin, James A. Writing Instruction in Nineteenth-Century American Colleges. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Beyond Anti-Foundationalism to Rhetorical Authority: Problems Defining ‘Cultural Literacy.’ ” College English 52 (Oct. 1990): 661-75.

—. “Classroom Authority and Critical Pedagogy.” American Literary History 3 (Winter 1991): 847-63.

—. “Power, Authority, and Critical Pedagogy.” Journal of Basic Writing 10 (Fall 1991): 54-70.

—. “What Happens When Basic Writers Come to College?” CCC 37 (Oct. 1986): 294-301.

Chase, Geoffrey. ”Accommodation, Resistance and the Politics of Student Writing.” CCC 39 (Feb. 1988): 13-22.

Cooper, Marilyn M. “Why Are We Talking about Discourse Communities? Or, Foundationalism Rears Its Ugly Head Once More.” Writing as Social Action. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1989. 202-20.

Crowley, Sharon. The Methodical Memory: Invention in Current- Traditional Rhetoric. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1990.

Delpit, Lisa D. “Skills and Other Dilemmas of a Progressive Black Educator.” Harvard Educational Review 56 (Nov. 1986): 379-85. Rpt. in Teaching, Teachers, and Teacher Education. Ed. Margo Okazawa-Rey, James Andersen, and Rob Traver. Cambridge: Harvard Educational Review, 1987. 50-56.

Elbow, Peter. Writing with Power: Techniques for Mastering the Writing Process. New York: Oxford UP, 1981.

Faigley, Lester. “Competing Theories of Process: A Critique and a Proposal.” College English 48 (Oct. 1986): 527-42.

—, Fragments of Rationality: Postmodernity and the Subject of Composition. Pittsburgh: U of Pittsburgh P, 1992.

Fish, Stanley. “Anti-Foundationalism, Theory Hope, and the Teaching of Composition.” The Current in Criticism: Essays on the Present and Future of Literary Theory. Ed. Clayton Koelb and Virgil Lokke. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue UP, 1987. 65-79. Rpt. in Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric, and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1989.342-55.

Flower, Linda, Victoria Stein, John Ackerman, Margaret J. Kantz, Kathleen McCormick, and Wayne C. Peck. Reading-to- write: Exploring a Cognitive and Social Process. New York: Oxford UP, 1990.

Foucault, Michel. “The Eye of Power,” Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977. Ed. Colin Gordon. Trans. Colin Gordon, Leo Marshall, John Mepham, and Kate Soper. New York: Pantheon, 1980. 146-65.

Frey, Olivia. “Beyond Literary Darwinism: Women’s Voices and Critical Discourse.” College English 52 (Sep. 1990): 507-26.

Giroux, Henry A. “Liberal Arts Education and the Struggle for Public Life: Dreaming about Democracy.” South Atlantic Quarterly 89 (Winter 1990): 113-38. Rpt. in The Politics of Liberal Education. Ed. Darryl J. Gless and Barbara Herrnstein Smith. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1992. 119-44.

—. Schooling and the Struggle for Public Life: Critical Pedagogy in the Modern Age. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1988.

Hamilton-Wieler, Sharon. “Empty Echoes of Dartmouth: Dissonance Between the Rhetoric and the Reality.” Writing Instructor 8 (Fall 1988): 29-41.

Harris, Joseph. “The Idea of Community in the Study of Writing.” CCC 40 (Feb. 1989): 11-22.

Hoagland, Sarah Lucia. “Some Thoughts about ‘Caring.’ ” Feminist Ethics. Ed. Claudia Card. Lawrence: UP of Kansas, 1991. 246-63.

Herzberg, Bruce. “Michel Foucault’s Rhetorical Theory.” Contending with Words: Composition and Rhetoric in a Postmodern Age. Ed. Patricia Harkin and John Schilb. New York: MLA, 1991. 69-81.

Jones, Kathleen B. “On Authority: Or, Why Women Are Not Entitled to Speak.” Authority Revisited. Ed. J. Roland Pennock and John W. Chapman. New York: New York UP, 1987. 152-68. Vol. 29 of Nomos. 34 vols. to date. 1958-.

—. “The Trouble with Authority.” Differences 3 (Spring 1991): 104-27.

Kent, Thomas. “On the Very Idea of a Discourse Community.” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 425-45.

Kremers, Marshall. “Sharing Authority on a Synchronous Network: The Case for Riding the Beast.” Papers from the Fifth Computers and writing Conference. Spec. issue of Computers and Composition 7 (Apt. 1990): 33-44.

Lamb, Catherine E. “Beyond Argument in Feminist Composition.” CCC 42 (Feb. 1991): 11-24.

Mandler, George. Cognitive Psychology: An Essay in Cognitive Science. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1985.

Miller, Susan. Textual Carnivals: The Politics of Composition. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1991.

Rosenblum, Nancy L. “Studying Authority: Keeping Pluralism in Mind.” Authority Revisited. Ed. J. Roland Pennock and John W. Chapman. New York: New York UP, 1987. 102-30. Vol. 29 of Nomos. 34 vols. to date. 1958-.

Schiappa, Edward. Response to Thomas Kent. CCC 43 (Dec. 1992): 522-23.

Schriver, Karen A. “Connecting Cognition and Context in Composition.” Methods and Methodology in Composition Research. Ed. Gesa Kirsch and Patricia A. Sullivan. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1992. 190-216.

Schweickart, Patrocinio P. “Reading, Teaching, and the Ethic of Care.” Gender in the Class room: Power and Pedagogy. Ed. Susan L. Gabriel and Isaiah Smithson. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1990. 78-95.

Sennett, Richard. Authority. New York: Vintage, 1980.

Sirc, Geoffrey, and Tom Reynolds. “The Face of Collaboration in the Networked Writing Classroom.” Papers from the Fifth Computers and Writing Conference. Spec. issue of Computers and Composition 7 (Apr. 1990): 53-70.

Tompkins, Jane. “Fighting Words: Unlearning to Write the Critical Essay.” Georgia Review 42 (Fall 1988): 585-90.

Trimbur, John. “Consensus and Difference in Collaborative Learning.” College English 51 (Oct. 1989): 602-16.

Wall, Susan, and Nicholas Coles. “Reading Basic Writing: Alternatives to a Pedagogy of Accommodation.” The Politics of Writing Instruction: Postsecondary. Ed. Richard Bullock and John Trimbur. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 227-46.

Weber, Max. The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. Ed. Talcott Parsons. Trans. A. M. Henderson and Talcott Parsons. New York: Oxford UP, 1947.

Young, Iris Marion. Justice and the Politics of Diffirence. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1990.

Holt, Mara. Knowledge, Social Relations, and Authority in Collaborative Practices of the 1930s and the 1950s.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 538-555.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Collaboration Students Groups Teachers CLaird Pedagogy History Knowledge Education Authority English GroupWork ProgressiveEducation SocialRelations Classrooms JDewey

Works Cited

Barnes, Walter. “American Youth and Their Education.” English Journal 26 (Apt. 1937): 283-90.

Beade, Pedro. “More Comments on ‘Social Construction, Language, and the Authority of Knowledge’: A Bibliographic Essay.” College English 49 (Oct. 1987): 707-08.

Benjamin, Edwin B. “Group Dynamics in Freshman English.” College English 19 (Dec. 1957): 122-23.

Berlin, James. “Rhetoric and Ideology in the Writing Class.” College English 50 (Sept. 1988): 477-94.

-. Rhetoric and Reality: Writing Instruction in American Colleges, 1900-1985. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

Bizzell, Patricia. Academic Discourse and Critical Consciousness. Pittsburgh: U of Pittsburgh P, 1993.

Briggs, Harold E. “Applications of the Principles of Group Dynamics in the Classroom.” College English 12 (Nov. 1950): 84-98.

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—. “Liberal Education and the Social Justification of Belief.” Liberal Education 68 (Summer 1982): 95-114.

—. A Short Course in Writing: Practical Rhetoric for Teaching Composition Through Collaborative Learning. 4th ed. New York: HarperCollins, 1993.

—. “The Way Out.” College English 33 (Jan. 1972): 457-70.

Bullock, Richard, John Trimbur, and Charles Schuster, eds. The Politics of Writing Instruction: Postsecondary. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1991. Carroll, Elsie. “Freshening Freshman English.” English Journal 20 (Nov. 1931): 762-68.

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—. “Writing the History of Our Discipline.” An Introduction to Composition Studies. Ed. Erika Lindemann and Gary Tate. New York: Oxford UP, 1991. 49-71.

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Elbow, Peter, and Pat Belanoff. A Community of Writers: A Workshop Course in Writing. New York: Random, 1989.

Ede, Lisa, and Andrea Lunsford. Singular Texts/Plural Authors: Perspectives on Collaborative Writing. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1990.

Faigley, Lester. Fragments of Rationality: Postmodernity and the Subject of Composition. Pittsburgh: U of Pittsburgh P, 1992.

—. Letter to the author. Winter 1992.

Forman, Janis, ed. New Visions of Collaborative Writing. Pottsmouth: Heinemann, 1992.

Gere, Anne Ruggles. Writing Groups: History, Theory, and Implications. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

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Hatfield, Wilbur. “Social Changes and ‘English.'” English Journal 22 (Sep. 1933): 536-41.

Holt, Mara. Collaborative Learning from 1911-1986: A Sociohistorical Analysis. Diss. U of Texas, 1988. Ann Arbor: UMl, 1989.89-01334.

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Johnson, Thomas S. “A Comment on ‘Collaborative Learning and the Conversation of Mankind.'” College English 48 (Jan. 1986): 76.

Jones, Edith. “Teaching Conversation.” English Journal 20 (Mar. 1931): 210-19.

Kail, Harvey, and John Trimbur. “The Politics of Peer Tutoring.” Writing Program Administration 11 (Fall 1987): 5-12.

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Laird, Charlton. “Freshman English During the Flood.” College English 18 (Dec. 1956): 131-38.

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Myers, Greg. Writing Biology: Texts in the Social Construction of Scientific Writing. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1990.

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—. “Foreword.” The Politics of Writing instruction: Postsecondary. Ed. Richard Bullock, John Trimbur, and Charles Schuster. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1991. ix-xvi.

Reeve, Frederic. “Basic Communication at Michigan State College.” Communication in General Education. Ed. Earl James McGrath. Dubuque: William C. Brown, 1949. 33-36.

Roberts, Holland D. “Reading for Social Meaning.” English Journal 25 (Mar. 1936): 200-05.

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Shalin, Dmitri. “The Romantic Antecedents of Meadian Social Psychology.” Symbolic Interaction 7 (Winter 1984): 43-65.

Sherwood, John C. “The Oregon Experiment: A Final Report.” CCC 9 (Feb. 1958): 5-9.

Shor, Ira. Critical Teaching and Everyday Life. Boston: South End, 1980.

Slavin, R. F. Student Team Learning. 3rd ed. Washington: NEA Professional Lib., 1991.

Smith, Dora V. “American Youth and English.” English Journal 26 (Feb. 1937): 99-112.

Spear, Karen. Sharing Writing: Peer Response Groups in English Classes. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1988.

Stewart, Donald. “Collaborative Learning and Composition: Boon or Bane?” Rhetoric Review 7 (Fall 1988): 58-83.

Stolper, B. J. R. “The Group Poem: An Experiment in a New Sort of Verse.” English Journal 27 (Apr. 1938): 311-22.

Trimbur, John. “Consensus and Difference in Collaborative Learning.” College English 51 (Oct. 1989): 602-17.

—. “Cultural Studies and Teaching Writing.” Focuses 1 (Fall 1988): 58-83.

Ward, Frank Earl. “Modern World Culture: An Experiment in Correlation with History.” English Journal 20 (Sep. 1931): 580-88.

—. “Social Ideals in Freshman English.” English Journal 19 (Apr. 1930): 297-307.

“Workshop: Using Group Dynamics in Teaching Composition/Communication.” CCC 8 (Oct. 1957): 150-51.

Wykoff, George S. “Current Solutions for Teaching Maximum Numbers with Limited Faculty.” CCC 9 (May 1958): 76-80.

Harris, Muriel and Tony Silva. “Tutoring ESL Students: Issues and Options.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 525-537.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 ESL Tutors Writing Students Language Problems Errors Differences Proficiency Research WritingCenter Grammar NativeSpeakers

Works Cited

Brown, H. Douglas. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1987.

CCCC Committee on ESL. Resources for CCCC Members Who want to Learn about Writing in English as a Second Language (ESL). Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English, 1992.

Grabe, William, and Robert B. Kaplan. “Writing in a Second Language: Contrastive Rhetoric.” Richness in Writing: Empowering ESL Students. Ed. Donna Johnson and Duane Roen. New York: Longman, 1989.263-83.

Hall, Edward. The Silent Language. New York: Doubleday, 1959.

Johnson, Donna M., and Duane H. Roen, eds. Richness in Writing: Empowering ESL Students. New York: Longman, 1989.

Kilborn, Judith. “Tutoring ESL Students: Addressing Differences in Cultural Schemata and Rhetorical Patterns in Reading and Writing.” MinneTESOL Conference. St. Paul, 2 May 1992.

Kroll, Barbara. “The Rhetoric and Syntax Split: Designing a Curriculum for ESL Students.” Journal of Basic Writing 9 (Spring 1990): 40-45.

—, ed. Second Language Writing: Research Insights for the Classroom. New York: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Leki, Ilona. “Twenty-Five Years of Contrastive Rhetoric: Text Analysis and Writing Pedagogies.” TESOL Quarterly 25 (Spring 1991): 123-43.

—. Understanding ESL Writers: A Guide for Teachers. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1992.

North, Stephen. “The Idea of a Writing Center.” College English 46 (Sep. 1984): 433-46.

Raimes, Ann. Grammar Troublespots: An Editing Guide for Students. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s, 1992.

Reid, Joy M. Teaching ESL Writing. Englewood Cliffs: Regents/Prentice Hall, 1993.

Silva, Tony. “Differences in ESL and Native Speaker Writing.” Writing in Multicultural Settings. Ed. Johnnella Buder, Juan Guerra, and Carol Severino. New York: MLA, forthcoming.

Clark, Irene L. “Portfolio Evaluation, Collaboration, and Writing Centers.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 515-524.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Writing Students WritingCenter Portfolio Program Collaboration Grade Exam Texts Process Revision Evaluation Consultants Assistance

Works Cited

Belanoff, Pat, and Peter Elbow. “Using Portfolios to Increase Collaboration and Community in a Writing Program.” Portfolios: Process and Product. Ed. Pat Belanoff and Marcia Dickson. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 17-36.

Burnham, Christopher. “Portfolio Evaluation: Room to Breathe and Grow.” Training the New Teacher of College Composition. Ed. Charles Bridges. Urbana: NCTE, 1986. 125-38.

Clark, Irene Lurkis. “Collaboration and Ethics in Writing Center Pedagogy.” Writing Center Journal 9.1 (Fall/Winter 1988): 3-13.

—. “Maintaining Chaos in the Writing Center: A Critical Perspective on Writing Center Dogma.” Writing Center journal 11 (Fall/Winter 1990): 81-95.

Clifford, John. “Toward an Ethical Community of Writers.” New Visions of Collaborative Writing. Ed. Janis Forman. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1992. 170-76.

Ede, Lisa. “Writing as a Social Process: A Theoretical Foundation for Writing Centers.” Writing Center journal 9.2 (Spring 1989): 3-15.

Elbow, Peter, and Pat Belanoff. “Portfolios as a Substitute for Proficiency Examinations.” CCC 37 (Oct. 1986): 336-39.

Ford, James E., and Gregory Larkin. “The Portfolio System: An End to Backsliding Writing Standards.” College English 39 (Apr. 1978): 950-55. Hansen, Barbara. “Rewriting Is a Waste of Time.” College English 39 (Apr. 1978): 956-60.

Knoblauch, C.H., and Lil Brannon. Rhetorical Traditions and the Teaching of Writing. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1984.

Lunsford, Andrea. “Collaboration, Control, and the Idea of a Writing Center.” Writing Center journal 12 (Fall 1991): 3-11.

North, Stephen M. The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton, 1987.

Phelps, Louise Wetherbee. “Practical Wisdom and the Geography of Knowledge in Composition.” College English 53 (Dee. 1991): 863-85.

Roemer, Marjorie, Lucille M. Schultz, and Russel K. Durst. ” Portfolios and the Process of Change .” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 455-69.

Schilb, John. “The Sociological Imagination and the Ethics of Collaboration.” New Visions of Collaborative Writing. Ed. Janis Forman. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1992. 105-19.

Smit, David W. “Evaluating a Portfolio System.” Writing Program Administration 14 (Fall/Winter 1990): 51-62.

Whitaker, Elaine E. “A Pedagogy to Address Plagiarism.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 509-514.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Students Plagiarism Article Author Class AcademicIntegrity Writing Information Paraphrase Discussion Sources Quotation Citation

Works Cited

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Karlins, Marvin, Charles Michaels, and Susan Podlogar. “An Empirical Investigation of Actual Cheating in a Large Sample of Undergraduates.” Research in Higher Education 29.4 (Dec. 1988): 359-64.

Kroll, Barry M. “How College Freshmen View Plagiarism.” Written Communication 5.2 (Apr. 1988): 203-21.

Lindey, Alexander. Plagiarism and Originality. New York: Harper, 1952. McCormick, Frank. “The Plagiario and the Professor in Our Peculiar Institution.” Journal of Teaching Writing 8.2 (Fall/Winter 1989): 133-45.

Nienhuis, Terry. “Curing Plagiarism with a Note-Taking Exercise.” College Teaching 37.3 (Summer 1989): 100.

O’Neill, Michael T. “Plagiarism: (I) Writing Responsibly.” The ABCA Bulletin 43.2 (Jun. 1980): 34-36.

Peterson, Lorna. “Teaching Academic Integrity: Opportunities in Bibliographic Instruction.” Research Strategies 6.1 (Fall 1988): 168-76.

Shaw, Peter. “Plagiary.” The American Scholar 51 (Summer 1982): 325-37.

Stein, Mark J. Teaching Plagiarism. ERIC, 1986. ED 298 482.

Voss, Ralph E, and Michael L. Keene. The Heath Guide to College Writing. Lexington: Heath, 1992.

White, Harold Ogden. Plagiarism and Imitation during the English Renaissance: A Study in Critical Distinctions. New York: Octagon, 1965.

Glenn, Cheryl. “Medieval Literacy outside the Academy: Popular Practice and Individual Technique.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 497-508.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Literacy MKempe Practices PopularLiteracy Texts Books Medieval Memory Writing Literate God Story Scribe Academy Audience Autobiography

Works Cited

Atkinson, Clarissa W. Mystic and Pilgrim: The Book and the World of Margery Kempe. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1983.

Biiuml, Franz H. “Medieval Literacy and Illiteracy: An Essay toward the Construction of a Model.” Germanic Studies in Honor of Otto Springer. Ed. Stephen J. Kaplowitt. Pittsburgh: K & S, 1978.41-54.

Carruthers, Mary. The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990.

Chaytor, H. J. From Script to Print. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1945.

Clanchy, M. T. From Memory to Written Record: England 1066-1307. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1979.

Crosby, Ruth. “Oral Delivery in the Middle Ages.” Speculum 11 (1936): 88-110.

Glenn,Cheryl. ”Author, Audience, and Autobiography: Rhetorical Technique in The Book of Margery Kempe.” College English 53 (Sep. 1992): 35-48.

Graff, Harvey J. The Legacies of Literacies. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1987.

—. “Reflections on the History of Literacy: Overview, Critique, and Proposals.” Humanities in Society 4 (Fall 1981): 303-33.

Havelock, Eric. The Literate Revolution in Greece and Its Cultural Consequences. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1982.

Heath, Shirley Brice. ways with Words. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1983.

Hirsch, E. D., Jr. Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Boston: Houghton, 1987.

Meech, Sanford Brown, and Hope Emily Allen, eds. The Book of Margery Kempe. EETS, 212. London: Oxford UP, 1940.

Ong, Walter, S. J. Orality and Literacy. London: Methuen, 1982. Patterson, Lee, ed. Literary Practice and Social Change in Britain, 1380-1530. Berkeley: U of California P, 1990.

Pattison, Robert. On Literacy: The Politics of the Word from Homer to the Age of Rock. New York: Oxford UP, 1982.

Scribner, Sylvia, and Michael Cole. The Psychology of Literacy. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1981.

Stock, Brian. The Implications of Literacy. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1983.

—. Listening for the Text: On the Uses of the Past. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1990.

Troll, Denise. “The Illiterate Mode of Written Communication: The Work of the Medieval Scribe.” Oral and Written Communication: Historical Approaches. Ed. Richard Leo Enos. Newbury Park: Sage, 1990. 96-125.

Courage, Richard. “The Interaction of Public and Private Literacies.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 484-496.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Literacy Writing Students AcademicLiteracy Public Private Women Men College Essay Culture School Church Community Audience DBartholomae

Works Cited

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” Journal of Basic Writing 5:1 (Spring 1986): 4-23.

Bartholomae, David, and Anthony Petrosky. Facts, Artifacts, and Counterfacts: Theory and Method for a Reading and Writing Course. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1986.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Arguing about Literacy.” College English 50 (Feb. 1988): 141-53.

—. “College Composition: Initiation into the Academic Discourse Community.” Curriculum Inquiry 12 (1982): 191-207.

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “On Not Listening in Order to Hear: Collaborative Learning and the Rewards of Classroom Research.” Journal of Basic Writing7:1 (Spring 1988): 3-12.

Colomb, Gregory G., and Joseph M. Williams. “Perceiving Structure in Professional Prose: A Multiply Determined Experience.” Writing in Nonacademic Settings. Ed. Lee Odell and Dixie Goswami. New York: Guilford, 1985. 87-128.

Courage, Richard. Nontraditional Students and the Basic Writing Course: A Case Study of Classroom Interactions. Diss. Columbia University, 1990. Ann Arbor, University Microfilms, 9118547.

Elbow, Peter. “Reflections on Academic Discourse: How It Relates to Freshmen and Colleagues.” College English 53 (Feb. 1991): 135-55.

—. Writing without Teachers. London: Oxford UP, 1973.

Giroux, Henry. Theory and Resistance in Education: A Pedagogy for the Opposition. South Hadley: Bergin and Garvey, 1983.

Graff, Harvey. The Literacy Myth: Literacy and Social Structure in the Nineteenth-Century City. New York: Academic, 1979.

Harris, Joseph. “The Idea of Community in the Study of Writing.” CCC 40 (Feb. 1989): 11-22.

Heath, Shirley Brice. Ways with Words: Language, Life, and Work in Communities and Classrooms. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1983.

Hull, Glynda, and Mike Rose. ” ‘This Wooden Shack Place’: The Logic of an Unconventional Reading.” CCC 41 (1990): 287-98.

Hull, Glynda, Mike Rose, Kay Losey Fraser, and Marisa Castellano. ” Remediation as Social Construct: Perspectives from an Analysis of Classroom Discourse .” CCC 42 (1991): 299-329.

Kaestle, Carl E, Helen Damon-Moore, Lawrence C. Stedman, Katherine Tinsley, and Wil liam Vance Trollinger, Jr. Literacy in the United States: Readers and Reading since 1880. New Haven: Yale UP, 1991.

Labov, William. Language in the Inner City. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1972.

Macrorie, Ken. Uptaught. Rochelle Park: Hayden, 1970.

Pratt, Mary Louise. “Linguistic Utopias.” The Linguistics of Writing: Arguments between Language and Literature. Ed. Nigel Fabb, Derek Attridge, Alan Durant, and Colin MacCabe. New York: Methuen, 1987.49-66.

Rockhill, Kathleen. “Literacy as Threat/Desire: Longing to be SOMEBODY.” Women ‘and Education: A Canadian Perspective. Ed. Jane S. Gaskell and Arlene Tigar McLaren. Calgary: Detselig, 1987. 315-31.

Rose, Mike. “The Language of Exclusion: Writing Instruction at the University.” College English 47 (Apr. 1985): 341-59.

Rouse, John. “The Politics of Composition.” College English 41 (Sep. 1979): 1-12.

Scribner, Sylvia, and Michael Cole. The Psychology of Literacy. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1981.

Shaughnessy, Mina P. Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing. New York: Oxford Up, 1977.

Sledd, James. “In Defense of the Students’ Right.” College English 45 (Nov. 1983): 667-75.

Smitherman, Geneva. Talkin and Testifyin: The Language of Black America. Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1977.

Street, Brian V. “Cross-Cultural Literacy.” Teachers College Conference on Intergenerational Literacy. New York City, Mar. 1991.

—. Literacy in Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge Up, 1984.

“Students’ Right to Their Own Language.” CCC. Special issue, 25 (Fall 1974).

Trimbur, John. “Consensus and Difference in Collaborative Learning.” College English 51 (Oct. 1989): 602-16.

Wall, Susan, and Nicholas Coles. “Reading Basic Writing: Alternatives to a Pedagogy of Accommodation.” The Politics of Writing Instruction: Postsecondary. Ed. Richard Bullock and John Trimbur. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1991. 227-46.

Raymond, James C. “I-Dropping and Androgyny: The Authorial I in Scholarly Writing.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 478-483.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Authority Writing CollegeEnglish CCC Publication Gender Punctuation Author GLipschultz JTompkins AcademicWriting

Works Cited

Brueggemann, Brenda Jo. “They’ve Got Power-They’re Hearing.” Valuing Diversity: Race, Class, and Gender Issues in Composition. Ed. Emily Jessup and Kathleen Geisler. Portsmouth NH: Heinemann, forthcoming.

Clark, Beverly Lyon, and Sonja Wiedenhaupt. ” On Blocking and Unblocking Sonja .” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 55-74.

Fleckenstein, Kristi S. “An Appetite for Coherence: Arousing and Fulfilling Desires.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 81-87.

Frey, Olivia. “Beyond Literary Darwinism: Women’s Voices and Critical Discourse.” College English 52 (Sep. 1990): 507-26.

Gebhardt, Richard C. “Diversity in a Mainline Journal.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 7-10.

Geisler, Cheryl. “Exploring Academic Literacy: An Experiment in Composing.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 39-54

Hilbert, Betsy. “It Was a Dark and Nasty Night It Was a Dark and You Would Not Believe How Dark It Was a Hard Beginning.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 75-80.

Kuhn, Thomas. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1970.

Lipschultz, Geri. “Fishing in Holy Waters.” College English 48 (Jan. 1986): 34-39.

Lu, Min-zhan. “From Silence to Words: Writing as Struggle.” College English 49 (Apr. 1987): 437-47.

McQuade, Donald. “Living In–and On–The Margins.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 11-22.

North, Stephen. The Making of Knowledge in Composition. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton, 1987.

Remnick, David. “Letter From Moscow.” New Yorker 23 Mar. 1992: 65-76, 83-87.

Rose, Mike. Lives on the Boundary: The Struggles and Achievements of America’s Underprepared. New York: The Free Press, 1989.

Sommers, Nancy. “Between the Drafts.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 23-31.

Tompkins, Jane. “Pedagogy of the Distressed.” College English 52 (Oct. 1990): 653-60.

Tuman, Myron. “Unfinished Business: Coming to Terms with the Wyoming Resolution.” CCC 42 (Oct. 1991); 356-64.

Zawacki, Terry Myers. ” Recomposing as a Woman-An Essay in Different Voices .” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 32-38.

Alred, Gerald J. and Erik A. Thelen. “Are Textbooks Contributions to Scholarship?” CCC 44.4 (1993): 466-477.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Textbooks Scholarship Writing Composition Authors Theory Students Knowledge Classrooms Research Publishers Discipline TKuhn

Works Cited

Alred, Gerald J., Diana C. Reep, and Mohan R. Limaye. Business and Technical Writing: An Annotated Bibliography of Books, 1880-1980. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1981.

Anderson, Paul V. Technical Writing: A Reader-Centered Approach. San Diego: Harcourt, 1987.

Beakley, George C. “Publishing a Textbook?” Engineering Education 78 (Feb. 1988): 299-302.

Blum, Debra E. “Authors, Publishers Seek to Raise Quality and Status of the College Textbook, Long an Academic Stepchild.” Chronicle of Higher Education 31 July, 1991: A11-A12

Cable, Carol. Cartoon. Chronicle of Higher Education 15 August 1990: B7.

Conference on College Composition and Communication. Scholarship in Composition: Guidelines for Faculty, Deans, and Department Chairs. Urbana: NCTE, n.d.

Connors, Robert J. “Textbooks and the Evolution of the Discipline.” CCC 37 (May 1986): 178-94.

Earle, Samuel C. Theory and Practice of Technical Writing. New York: Macmillan, 1911.

Flower, Linda. Problem-Solving Strategies for Writing. New York: Harcourt, 1981.

Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1970.

Mathes, J. c., and Dwight W. Stevenson. Designing Technical Reports: Writing for Audiences in Organizations. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Mertill, 1976.

Miller, Carolyn R. “A Humanistic Rationale for Technical Writing.” College English 40 (Feb. 1979): 610-17.

Mills, Gordon H., and John A. Walter. Technical Writing. 1954. 3rd ed. New York: Holt, 1970.

North, Stephen M. The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field. Portsmouth: Boynton, 1987.

Perrin, Robert. “Textbook Writers and Textbook Publishers: One Writer’s View of the Teaching Canon.” Journal of Teaching Writing 7.1 (Spring/Summer 1988): 67-74.

Rose, Mike. “Sophisticated, Ineffective Books-The Dismantling of Process in Composition Texts.” CCC 32 (Feb. 1981): 65-74.

—. Speculations on Process Knowledge and the Textbook’s Static Page.” CCC 34.2 (May 1983): 208-13.

Selzer, Jack. “The Composing Processes of an Engineer.” CCC 34 (May 1983): 178-87.

Stewart, Donald C. “Composition Textbooks and the Assault on Tradition.” CCC 29 (May 1978): 171-76.

Welch, Kathleen E. ” Ideology and Freshman Textbook Production: The Place of Theory in Writing Pedagogy .” CCC 38 (Oct. 1987): 269-82.

Winterowd, W. Ross. “Composition Textbooks: Publisher-Author Relationships.” CCC 40 (May 1989): 139-51.

Young, Richard E., Alton L. Becker, and Kenneth L. Pike. Rhetoric: Discovery and Change. New York: Harcourt, 1970.

Phillips, Donna Burns, Ruth Greenberg, and Sharon Gibson. ” College Composition and Communication : Chronicling a Discipline’s Genesis.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 443-465.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Composition Articles Teaching CCC Students CCCC Journal Authors Citation Publication Writing Disciplinarity Discipline Publication Rhetoric Editors

Works Cited

“Administration of the Composition Course.” Report of Workshop No. 13. CCC 1 (May 1950): 216-17.

Berthoff, Ann E. “Counterstatement.” CCC 26 (May 1975): 216-17.

Bowman, Francis. “CCCC Bulletin Board.” CCC 10 (Dec. 1959): 270-72.

Braddock, Richard. “Secretary’s Report.” No. 41. CCC 14 (Oct. 1963): 176-79.

Burke, Virginia M. “The Composition-Rhetoric Pyramid.” CCC 16 (Feb. 1965): 3-7.

Corbett, Edward P. J. Telephone interview. 17 Jan. 1992.

Diederich, Paul B. “Letters.” CCC 14 (Dec. 1963): 234-36.

Drake, Francis E. “Developmental Writing.” CCC 1 (Dec. 1950): 3-6.

Elbow, Peter. Writing without Teachers. New York: Oxford UP, 1975.

Elbow, Peter, and Pat Belanoff. “Portfolios as a Substitute for Proficiency Examinations.” CCC 37 (Oct. 1986): 336-39.

Emig, Janet. The Composing Processes of Twelfth Graders. NCTE Research Report No. 13. Urbana: NCTE, 1971.

Faigley, Lester, and Stephen Witte. “Analyzing Revision.” CCC 32 (Dec. 1981): 400-14.

Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. “A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing.” CCC 32 (Dec. 1981): 365-87.

“From a Student’s Reading to His Writing and Speaking.” Report of Workshop No.2. CCC 3 (Dec. 1952): 5-7.

Gebhardt, Richard C. “Editor’s Column: Diversity in a Mainline Journal.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 7-10.

—. “Editor’s Note.” CCC 42 (Feb. 1991): 9-10.

—. “Information for Authors.” CCC 43 (Feb. 1992): 118-20.

—. Telephone interview. 13 May 1992.

Gerber, John C. “The Conference on College Composition and Communication.” CCC 1 (March 1950): 12.

Hairston, Maxine. “Diversity, Ideology, and Teaching Writing.” CCC 43 (May 1992): 179-93.

Hull, Glynda, Mike Rose, Kay Losey Fraser, and Marisa Castellano. “Remediation as Social Construct: Perspectives from an Analysis of Classroom Discourse.” CCC 42 (Oct. 1991): 299-329.

Hynes, Lawrence J. “Morale in Remedial English.” CCC 6 (May 1955): 100-03.

Irmscher, William. Telephone interview. 13 Sept. 1991.

Johnson, Falk S. “Secretary’s Report.” No. 26. CCC 10 (May 1959): 128-29.

Knickerbocker, Kenneth L. “The Freshman Is King; Or Who Teaches Who?” CCC 1 (Dec. 1950): 11-15.

Larson, Richard M. “Editor’s Note.” CCC 31 (Feb. 1980): 19.

—. “Editor’s Note.” CCC 37 (Dec. 1986): 394.

—. Telephone interview. 16 April 1992.

Lloyd, Donald J. “Darkness Is King: A Reply to Professor Knickerbocker.” CCC 2 (Feb. 1951): 10-12.

—. “Linguistics and Professional Publications on Language: A Reply to Professor Steinman [sic].” CCC 2 (Oct. 1951): 7-10.

Lloyd-Jones, Richard. Response to “The First Forty Years of CCC. CCCC Convention, Boston, 21 Mar. 1991.

—. “Who We Were, Who We Should Become.” CCC 43 (Dec. 1992): 486-96.

Lunsford, Andrea. “Composing Ourselves: Politics, Commitment, and the Teaching of Writing.” CCC 41 (Feb. 1990): 71-82.

—. “What We Know-and Don’t Know-about Remedial Writing.” CCC 29 (Feb. 1978): 47-52.

Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. “Audience Addressed/Audience Invoked: The Role of Audience in Composition Theory and Pedagogy.” CCC 36 (May 1984): 155-71.

Macrorie, Kenneth. “Miscellany.” CCC 13 (May 1962): 55-58.

—. “Miscellany.” CCC 13 (Oct. 1962): 43-44.

—. “Miscellany.” CCC 14 (May 1963): 117.

—. Telephone interview. 20 Sept. 1991.

Mason, James Hocker. “Motivation in Liberal Arts Composition and/or Communications Courses.” CCC 3 (Feb. 1952): 7-10. “Materials, Devices, Attitudes in the Composition Course.” Report of Workshop No.3 and No.3A. CCC 2 (Dec. 1951): 3 and 5.

Murray, Donald M. “Internal Revision: A Process of Discovery.” Research on Composing: Points of Departure. Ed. Charles Cooper and Lee Odell. Urbana: NCTE, 1978. 85-103.

“Objectives and Organization of the Composition Course.” Report of Workshop No.3. CCC 1 (May 1950): 9-11.

“Organization and Administration of the Freshman Composition Course.” Report of Workshop No.4. CCC 3 (Dec. 1952): 11-14.

“Reading and Grading Themes.” Report of Workshop No.7. CCC 1 (May 1950): 24-26.

“Report of the Committee on Future Directions.” CCC 11 (Feb. 1960): 3-7.

Roberts, Charles W. “Editorial Comment.” CCC 1 (Mar. 1950): 13.

—. “Editorial Comment.” CCC 1 (Oct. 1950): 22.

—. “Editorial Comment.” CCC 2 (May 1952): 19.

Rose, Mike. Lives on the Boundary: The Struggles and Achievements of America’s Underprepared. New York: Free Press, 1989.

Rothgery, David. ” ‘So What Do We Do Now?’: Necessary Directionality as the Writing Teacher’s Response to Racist, Sexist, Homophobic Papers .” CCC 44 (May 1993): 241-47.

Shaughnessy, Mina P. “Diving In: An Introduction to Basic Writing.” CCC 27 (Oct. 1976): 234-39.

—. Errors and Expectations. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Sommers, Nancy 1. “Revision Strategies of Student Writers and Experienced Adult Writers.” CCC 31 (Dee. 1980): 378-88.

“Sub-Freshman Composition-The Poorly Equipped Student.” Report of Workshop No.6. CCC 5 (Oct. 1954): 104-05.

—. CCC 6 (Oct. 1955): 135-36.

Stabley, Rhodes R. “After Communications, You Can’t Go Home Again.” CCC 1 (Oct. 1950): 7-11.

“Teacher Training for Composition or Communication.” Report of Workshop No. 16. CCC 2 (Dee. 1951): 31-32.

Voss, Ralph F. “Response to Richard Gebhardt.” CCC 44 (May 93): 256-57.

Gebhardt, Richard C. “Editor’s Column: Scholarship, Promotion, and Tenure in Composition Studies.” CCC 44.4 (1993): 439-442.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.4 Research Composition Scholarship Tenure Promotion Publication Departments Faculty Field

No works cited.

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v44-3

Trimbur, John . Rev. of English in America: A Radical View of the Profession by Richard Ohmann; The Politics of Letters by Richard Ohmann. CCC 44.3 (1993): 389-392.

Townsend, Martha A. Rev. of Writing in the Academic Disciplines, 1870-1990: A Curricular History by David R. Russell. CCC 44.3 (1993): 392-394.

Forman, Janis. Rev. of How Writers Teach Writing by Nancy Kline. CCC 44.3 (1993): 394-395.

Haas, Christina. Rev. of Reading as Rhetorical Action: Knowledge, Persuasion, and the Teaching of Research-Based Writing by Doug Brent. CCC 44.3 (1993): 395-397.

Hamp-Lyons, Liz. Rev. of Understanding ESL Writers by Ilona Leki. CCC 44.3 (1993): 397-399.

Leki,Ilona. Rev. of Assessing Second Language Writing in Academic Contexts by Liz Hamp-Lyons. CCC 44.3 (1993): 399-401.

Madigan, Dan. Rev. of Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Literacy Research by Richard Beach, Judith L. Green, Michael L. Kamil, and Timothy Shanahan. CCC 44.3 (1993): 401-404.

Neuwirth, Christine M. Rev. of Literacy Online: The Promise (And Peril) of Reading and Writing with Computers by Myron C. Tuman. CCC 44.3 (1993): 404-406.

Cooper, Jennie C. “Writing for Real People: A Client-Centered Approach.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 386-388.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 Students Clients Paper Research Semester Citizens Business Topic CKuralt RealWorld

No works cited.

Peritz, Janice Haney. “Making a Place for the Poetic in Academic Writing.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 380-385.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 Students Epigraphs Reading Writing Poetic CGeertz Discourse JDerrida AcademicWriting

Works Cited

Bartholomae, David, and Anthony Petrosky. Ways of Reading: An Anthology for Writers. New York: St. Martin’s, 1987.

Crowley, Sharon. A Teacher’s Introduction to Deconstruction. Urbana: NCTE, 1989.

Geertz, Clifford. “Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight.” Ways of Reading: An Anthology for Writers. Ed. David Bartholomae and Anthony Petrosky. New York: St. Martin’s, 1987. 299-335.

Howe, Irving. “On the Limits of Ethnicity.” New Republic 25 Jun. 1977: 17-19.

Bowden, Darsie. “The Limits of Containment: Text-as-Container in Composition Studies.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 364-379.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 Texts Paper Writing Reader Container Elements Metaphors Process Containment LEde Writers Students

Works Cited

Bizzell, Patricia. “Cognition, Convention, and Certainty.” Pre/Text 3.3 (1982): 213-43.

Covino, William A. The Art of Wondering: A Revisionist Return to the History of Rhetoric. Portsmouth: Boynton, 1988.

Dawkins, Richard. The Extended Phenotype. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1982.

Ede, Lisa. Instructors Manual to Accompany Work in Progress, 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s 1992.

—. Work in Progress: A Guide to Writing and Revising. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s, 1992.

Elbow, Peter. “Shifting Relationships between Speech and Writing.” CCC 36 (Oct. 1985): 283-303.

Freire, Paulo. Education for Critical Consciousness. New York: Continuum, 1990.

Hacker, Diana. The Bedford Handbook for Writers. Boston: St. Martin’s Press, 1991.

Hairston, Maxine, and John J. Ruszkiewicz. The Scott Foresman Handbook for Writers. 2nd ed. Glenview: HarperCollins, 1991.

Johnson, Mark. The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination and Reason. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1987.

Kaufer, David, and Gary Waller. “To Write Is to Read Is to Write, Right?” Writing and Reading Differently: Deconstruction and the Teaching of Composition and Literature. Ed. G. Douglas Atkins, and Michael L. Johnson. U of Kansas P, 1985. 66-92.

Lakoff, George. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1987.

Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1980.

Lemon, Lee T., and Marion J. Reis. Russian Formalist Criticism: Four Essays. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1965.

Lester, James D. A Writers Handbook: Style and Grammar. New York: Harcourt, 1991.

Lunsford, Andrea, and Robert Connors. The St. Martin’s Handbook. New York: St. Martin’s, 1989.

Matejka, Ladislav, and Krystyna Pomorska, eds. Readings in Russian Poetics. Ann Arbor: Michigan Slavic Publications, 1978.

Murray, Donald. Write to Learn. 3rd ed. Fort Worth: Holt, 1990.

—. Write to Learn. 4th ed. Fort Worth: Harcourt, 1993.

Strenski, Ellen. “Disciplines and Communities, ‘Armies’ and ‘Monasteries,’ and the Teaching of Composition.” Rhetoric Review 8.1 (Fall, 1989): 137-45.

Tobin, Lad. “Bridging Gaps: Analyzing Our Students’ Metaphors for Composing.” CCC 40 (Dec. 1989): 444-58.

Tompkins, Jane, ed. Reader Response Criticism: From Formalism to Post-Structuralism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1980.

Tomlinson, Barbara. “Tuning, Tying, and Training Texts: Metaphor for Revision.” Written Communication 5.1 (Jan. 1988): 58-81.

Troyka, Lynn Quitman. Simon and Schuster: Handbook for Writers. Annotated Instructor’s Edition. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1990.

Herndl, Carl G. “Teaching Discourse and Reproducing Culture: A Critique of Research and Pedagogy in Professional and Non-Academic Writing.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 349-363.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 Discourse Research Writing Students Pedagogy Resistance Model Knowledge Power Theory RadicalPedagogy ProfessionalWriting LMcCarthy AGiddens DSM-III

Works Cited

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— . “Modern Evolution of the Experimental Report in Physics: Spectroscopic Articles in Physical Review 1893-1980.” Social Studies of Science 14 (May 1984): 163-96.

—. “Physicists Reading Physics: Schema-Laden Purposes and Purpose-Laden Schema.” Written Communication 2 (Jan. 1985): 3-23.

Bazerman, Charles, and James Paradis, eds. Textual Dynamics of the Professions: Historical and Contemporary Studies of Writing in Professional Communities. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1991.

Berkenkotter, Carol, Thomas Huckin, and John Ackerman. “Conversations, Conventions and the Writer: Case Study of a Student in a Rhetoric Ph.D. Program.” Research in the Teaching of English 22 (Feb. 1988): 9-44.

— . “Social Context and Socially Constructed Texts: The Initiation of a Graduate Student into a Writing Research Community.” Bazerman and Paradis 191-216.

Berlin, James. Rhetoric and Reality: Writing Instruction in American Colleges, 1900-1985. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Context, Convention and Canon: Some Uses of the Concept of ‘Discourse Community.’ ” Penn State Conference on Rhetoric and Composition. State College, Jul. 1987.

— . Rev. of The Social Construction of Written Communication, by Bennet A. Rafoth and Donald L. Rubin. CCC 40 (Dec. 1989): 483-86.

Bourdieu, Pierre, and Jean Claude Passeron. Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. Berkeley: Sage, 1977.

Chase, Geoffrey. “Accommodation, Resistance and the Politics of Student Writing.” CCC 39 (Feb. 1988): 13-22.

Clifford, John. “Discerning Theory and Politics.” College English 51 (Sep. 1989): 517-32.

Cooper, Marilyn M., and Cynthia L. Selfe. “Computer Conferences and Learning: Authority, Resistance, and Internally Persuasive Discourse.” College English 52 (Dee. 1990): 847-69.

Doheny-Farina, Stephen. “Creating a Text/Creating a Company.” Bazerman and Paradis 306-35.

—. “Writing in an Emerging Organization: An Ethnographic Study.” Written Communication 3 (Apr. 1986): 158-85.

Faigley, Lester. “Competing Theories of Process: A Critique and a Proposal.” College English 48 (Oct. 1986): 527-42.

Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum, 1989.

Giddens, Anthony. Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. Berkeley: U of California P, 1979.

Giroux, Henry. Theory and Resistance in Education: A Pedagogy for the Opposition. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey, 1983.

Harrison, Teresa. “Frameworks for the Study of Writing in Organizational Contexts.” Written Communication 9 (Jan. 1987): 3-23.

Herndl, Carl G., Barbara A. Fennell, and Carolyn R. Miller. “Understanding Failures in Organizational Discourse: The Accident at Three Mile Island and the Shuttle Challenger Disaster.” Bazerman and Paradis 279-305.

Leff, Michael C. “In Search of Ariadne’s Thread: A Review of Recent literature on Rhetorical Theory.” Central States Speech Journal 29 (Summer 1978): 73-91.

McCarthy, Lucille p. “A Psychiatrist Using DSM-III: The Influence of a Charter Document in Psychiatry.” Bazerman and Paradis 358-78.

—. “A Stranger in Strange Lands: A College Student Writing Across the Curriculum.” Research in the Teaching of English 21 (Oct. 1987): 233-65.

Miller, Carolyn R., and Jack Selzer. “Special Topics of Argument in Engineering Reports.” Odell and Goswami 309-41.

Myers, Greg. “Reality, Consensus and Reform in the Rhetoric of Composition Teaching.” College English 48 (Feb. 1986): 154-73.

—. “The Social Construction of Two Biology Proposals.” Written Communication 2 (Jul. 1985): 219-45.

—. “Texts as Knowledge Claims: The Social Construction of Two Biology Articles.” Social Studies of Science 15 (Nov. 1985): 593-630.

Odell, Lee, and Dixie Goswami, eds. Writing in Non-Academic Settings. New York: Guilford, 1985.

Paine, Charles. “Relativism, Radical Pedagogy, and the Ideology of Paralysis.” College English 51 (Oct. 1989): 557-70.

Paradis, James, David Dobrin, and Richard Miller. “Writing at Exxon ITD: Notes on the Writing Environment of an R & D Organization.” Odell and Goswami 281-307.

Scott, Robert L. “On Viewing Rhetoric as Epistemic.” Central States Speech Journal 18 (Feb. 1967): 9-16.

—. “On Viewing Rhetoric as Epistemic: Ten Years Later.” Central States Speech Journal 27 (Winter 1976): 258-66.

Simon, Roger I. “Signposts for a Critical Pedagogy: A Review of Henry Giroux’s Theory and Resistance in Education.” Educational Theory 34 (Fall 1984): 379-88.

Spellmeyer, Kurt. “Foucault and the Freshman Writer: Considering the Self in Discourse.” College English 51 (Nov. 1989): 715-29.

Trimbur, John. “Consensus and Difference in Collaborative Learning.” College English 51 (Oct. 1989): 602-16.

Wells, Susan. “Habermas, Communicative Competence, and the Teaching of Technical Discourse.” Theory in the Classroom. Ed. Cary Nelson. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1986. 245-69.

Williams, Raymond. Marxism and Literature. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Ewald, Helen Rothschild. “Waiting for Answerability: Bakhtin and Composition Studies.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 331-348.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 MBakhtin Answerability Discourse Composition Language Classrooms Writing Dialogic Carnival Hero Author Concept Act Word Sense

Works Cited

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Katz, Steven B. “The Ethic of Expediency: Classical Rhetoric, Technology, and the Holocaust.” College English 54 (March 1992): 255-75.

Kent, Thomas. “Hermeneutics and Genre: Bakhtin and the Problem of Communicative Interaction.” The Interpretive Turn. Ed. Davis Hiley, et al. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1991. 282-303.

—. “On the Very Idea of Discourse Community.” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 425-445.

Knoper, Randall. “Deconstruction, Process, Writing.” Donahue and Quandahl 128-43.

Laib, Nevin. “Conciseness and Amplification.” CCC 41 (Dec. 1990): 443-59.

Lamb, Catherine. “Beyond Argument in Feminist Composition.” CCC 42 (Feb. 1991): 11-24.

Lunsford, Andrea. “Composing Ourselves: Politics, Commitment, and the Teaching of Writing.” CCC 41 (Feb. 1990): 71-82.

Miller, Susan. Textual Carnivals: The Politics of Composition. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1991.

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Morson, Gary Saul and Caryl Emerson. Mikhail Bakhtin: Creation of a Prosaics. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1990.

Recchio, Thomas E. ”A Bakhtinian Reading of Student Writing.” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 446-454.

Ritchie, Joy S. “Beginning Writers: Diverse Voices and Individual Identity.” CCC 40 (May 1989): 152-74.

Schuster, Charles 1. “Mikhail Bakhtin as Rhetorical Theorist.” College English 47 (Oct. 1985): 594-607.

Spellmeyer, Kurt. ”A Common Ground: The Essay in the Academy.” College English 51 (March 1989): 262-76.

—. “Kurt Spellmeyer Responds.” College English 52 (March 1990): 334-38.

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Tompkins, Jane. “Me and My Shadow.” New Literary History 19 (1987): 169-78.

Winsor, Dorothy A. “The Construction of Knowledge in Organizations: Asking the Right Questions about the Challenger.” Journal of Business and Technical Communication 4 (September 1990): 8-20.

Fishman, Stephen M. “Explicating Our Tacit Tradition: John Dewey and Composition Studies.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 315-330.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 JDewey Writing Students Community Composition Experience Work Education Theory Texts Perception Nature Transaction LRosenblatt

Works Cited

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Kent, Thomas. “On the Very Idea of a Discourse Community.” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 425-45.

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Parker, Frank and Kim Sydow Campbell. “Linguistics and Writing: A Reassessment.” CCC 44.3 (1993): 295-314.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.3 Linguistics Theory Composition Writing Practice SCrowley Application Speech Information Field Grammar Disciplines Indirectness SpeechActs

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Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v41-1

Tuman, Myron C. Rev. of The Culture and Politics of Literacy by W. Ross Winterowd. CCC 41.1 (1990):. 92-94.

Neel, Jasper. Rev. of Composition as a Human Science by Louise Wetherbee Phelps. CCC 41.1 (1990): 94-96.

White, Edward M. Rev. of A Teacher’s Introduction to Deconstruction by Sharon Crowley. CCC 41.1 (1990):. 96-97.

Klein, Thomas D. Rev. of Strengthening Programs for Writing across the Curriculum by Susan H. McLeod. CCC 41.1 (1990): 97-98.

Fulkerson, Richard. Rev. of Preparing to Teach Writing by James Williams. CCC 41.1 (1990): 98-100.

Fearing, Bertie E. Rev. of Writing in the Business Professions by Myra Kogen. CCC 41.1 (1990): 100-102.

Nolte, Edward. Rev. of Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education by Joint Committee on Testing Practices. CCC 41.1 (1990): 102-103.

Flynn, Elizabeth A. “Composing ‘Composing as a Woman’: A Perspective on Research.” CCC 41.1 (1990): 83-89.

McKendy, Thomas F. “Legitimizing Peer Response: A Recycling Project for Placement Essays.” CCC 41.1 (1990): 89-91.

Lunsford, Andrea A. “Composing Ourselves: Politics, Commitment, and the Teaching of Writing.” CCC 41.1 (1990): 71-82.

Abstract:

In this, her 1989 CCCC Chair’s Address, Lunsford argues that the field of rhetoric and composition must compose itself both historically and subjectively. Scholars, working in tandem with colleagues in anthropology, classics, history, and psychology, can broaden the history of the development of writing by looking for ways to “tell it slant.” Also, the field should study not just writing and writers, but also the teachers of writing, probing for those stories throughout history that reflect a teacher’s political and value-driven decision to teach writing to others in the hopes of changing the existing reality. Both inside and outside the academy, people are trying to compose the field in negative light, and so Lunsford argues that it is vital for composition and rhetoric scholars to compose themselves, asserting the merit of the field: its interdisciplinary, collaborative, postmodern, dynamic and democratic nature.

Keywords:

ccc41.1 ChairsAddress Writing History Teachers Students Rhetoric Stories Address CCCC Talk Technology Women Narratives Politics

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Haas, Christina, and Linda Flower. “Rhetorical Reading Strategies and the Construction of Meaning.” CCC 39 (May 1988): 167-83.

Hairston, Maxine. “Breaking Our Bonds and Reaffirming Our Connections.” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, May 1985. Rpt. in CCC 36 (October 1985): 272-82. Rpt. in ADE Bulletin 81 (Fall 1985): 1-5.

Halloran, S. Michael. “Aristotle’s Concept of Ethos, or If Not His, Somebody Else’s.” Rhetoric Review 1 (September 1982): 58-63.

—. “Eating Aristotle: Semiotics as Salivation in The Name of the Rose.” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

—. “On the End of Rhetoric, Classical and Modern.” College English 36 (February 1975): 621-31.

—. “Rhetoric in the American College Curriculum: The Decline of Public Discourse.” Pre/Text 3 (Fall 1982): 245-69.

—. “Tradition and Theory in Rhetoric.” Quarterly journal of Speech 62 (October 1976): 234-41.

Halloran, S. Michael, and Mertill O. Whitburn. “Ciceronian Rhetoric and the Rise of Science: The Plain Style Reconsidered.” The Rhetorical Tradition and Modern Writing. Ed. James J. Murphy. New York: MLA, 1982. 58-72.

Havelock, Eric A. The Muse Learns to Write: Reflections on Orality and Literacy from Antiquity to the Present. New Haven: Yale UP, 1986.

Heath, Shirley Brice. Ways With Words: Language, Life, and Work in Communities and Classrooms. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1983.

Heilbrun, Carolyn. Writing a Woman’s Life. New York: Norton, 1988.

Herrington, Anne J. “Wining and Dining Across the Curriculum: The Smorgasbord of Discourse.” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

Hirsch, E.D., Jr. Cultural Literacy. Boston: Houghton, 1987.

Holt, Thomas. ”’Knowledge Is Power’: The Black Struggle for Literacy.” The Right to Literacy Conference. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.

Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies in Nineteenth-Century Anglo Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of British Columbia, 1988.

Jarrett, Susan. “Toward a Sophistic Historiography.” Pre/Text 8 (Spring 1987): 9-28.

—. “The First Sophists and the Political Implications of Techne.” CCCC Convention. Seattle, March 1989.

—. “The First Sophists as Precursors of Humanism: Expanding the Limits of Literacy.” CCCC Convention. Atlanta, March 1987.

Johnson, Nan. Nineteenth-Century Rhetoric: Theory and Practice in North America. Carbondale; Southern Illinois UP, forthcoming.

—. “English Composition, Rhetoric, and English Studies at Nineteenth-Century Canadian Colleges and Universities.” English Quarterly 20.4 (Winter 1987): 296-304.

—. “Rhetoric and Belles Lettres in the Canadian Academy; An Historical Analysis.” College English 50 (December 1988): 861-73.

Kerckhove, Derrick de, and Charles J. Lumsden, eds. The Alphabet and the Brain. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

Knoblauch, C.L., and Lil Brannon. Rhetorical Traditions and the Teaching of Writing. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1984.

Leonardi, Susan J. “Recipes for Reading: Summer Pasta, Lobster a la Riseholme, and Key Lime Pie.” PMLA 104 (May 1989): 340-47.

Lipscomb-Burnett, Drema. “Sojourner Truth: A Practical Public Discourse.” CCCC Convention. Seattle, March 1989.

Lunsford, Andrea. “Masticatio: A New Trope from Classical Rhetoric.” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. “Classical Rhetoric, Modern Rhetoric, and Contemporary Discourse Studies.” Written Communication 1 (1984): 78-100.

—. “Why Write. . . Together: A Research Update.” Rhetoric Review 5 (Fall 1986): 71-77.

—. “Collaboration and Compromise: The Fine Arc of Writing with a Friend.” Writers on Writing. Vol. 2. Ed. Tom Waldrep. New York: Random House, 1987. 121-28.

Lyon, Arabella. “Susanne Langer.” CCCC Convention. Seattle, March 1989.

Moffett, James. “Censorship and Spiritual Education.” The Right to Literacy Conference. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.

—. Storm in the Mountains. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois UP, 1988.

Olson, David. “From Utterance to Text: The Bias of Language in Speech and Writing.” Harvard Educational Review 47 (August 1977): 257-81.

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—. “Mind, Media, and Memory: The Archival and Epistemological Functions of Written Text.” The Alphabet and the Brain: The Lateralization of Writing. Ed. Derrick de Kerckhove and Charles J. Lumsden. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.422-41.

Olson, David R., Nancy Torrance, and Angela Hillyard, eds. Literacy, Language, and Learning: The Nature and Consequences of Reading and Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1985.

Ong, Walter. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. London: Methuen, 1982.

Plato. Gorgias. Trans. W.E. Helmbold. Indianapolis: Liberal Arts Press, 1952.

Redfern, Jenny R. “Christine de Pisan and Her Medieval Rhetoric.” CCCC Convention. Seattle, March 1989.

Rose, Mike. Lives on the Boundary. New York: The Free Press, 1989.

Royster, Jacqueline Jones. “Muted Voices: Perspectives on Black Women as Writers of Non-Fiction Prose.” The Right to Literacy Conference. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.

—. “Contending Forces: The Struggles of Black Women for Intellectual Affirmation.” Ohio State U, Columbus, Ohio, 1 March 1989.

Ruszkiewicz, John J. “A Theory of Dis-Course and Dat-Course.” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

Scribner, Sylvia, and Michael Cole, The Psychology of Literacy. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1981.

Secor, Marie. “La Technique: An Alimentary Approach to Stylistic Analysis,” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

Selzer, Jack. “Upchuck Retaught: A Bulimic Finds An Authentic Voice (A Case Study).” CCCC Convention. Minneapolis, March 1985.

Shaughnessy, Mina. Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Smith, Barbara Herrnstein. “Cult-Lit: Hirsch, Literacy, and ‘The National Culture.”’ South Atlantic Quarterly, forthcoming.

Standley, Fred. “William Bennett, Alan Bloom, E.D. Hirsch, Jr.: ‘Great Nature has another thing to do to you and me. . . . “, Teaching English in the Two-Year College 15 (December 1988): 266-77.

Stimpson, Catherine R. Where the Meanings Are. New York: Methuen, 1988.

Swearingen, E. Jan. “Inez de la Cruz.” CCCC Convention. Seattle, March 1989.

Swenson, May. “Look Closer.” New Yorker 12 December 1988: 48.

Sykes, Charles. Profscam: Professors and the Demise of Higher Education. Washington: Regnery Gateway. 1988.

Troyka, Lynn Quitman. “Perspectives on Legacies and Literacy in the 1980’s.” CCC 33 (1982): 252-62.

Vitanza, Victor. “Editorial Preface 2: ‘Rhetoric, Cookery, and Recipes.”’ Pre/Text 1.1-2 (1980): 205-14.

Washington, Mary Ellen, ed. Invented Lives. New York: Doubleday, 1987.

Webber, Thomas. Deep Like the Rivers. New York: Norton, 1978.

Winsor, Dorothy A. “Engineering Writing/Writing Engineering.” CCC 41.1 (1990): 58-70.

Abstract:

The author, using both a file of engineering documents and interviews with a engineer with his PhD in mechanical engineering, seeks to discredit the notion held among engineers that language is only a way to transmit knowledge, not to discover it. She claims that engineers need writing in order to analyze their physical data and convert it into knowledge that can be shared with others and used in conjunction with other information in later experiments. Engineers also use language to “write themselves as engineers”: their reports transform their often creative, non-linear decisions in an experiment to an ostensibly logical progression of choices, since engineering values facts and data, not tacit knowledge.

Keywords:

ccc41.1 Knowledge Writing Documents Papers Engineering Research DataSheets Computers Graphs Handouts Scientists Data Reports

Works Cited

Allen, Thomas J. Managing the Flow of Technology: Technology Transfer and the Dissemination of Technological Information in an R&D Organization. Cambridge: MIT P, 1977.

Anderson, Paul V. Technical Writing: A Reader-Centered Approach. San Diego: Harcourt, 1987.

Bazerman, Charles. “Modern Evolution of the Experimental Report in Physics: Spectroscopic Articles in Physical Review, 1893-1980.” Social Studies of Science 14 (Winter 1984): 163-96.

—. “Scientific Writing as a Social Act: A Review of the Literature.” New Essays in Technical and Scientific Communication. Ed. Paul Anderson, R. John Brockmann, and Carolyn Miller. Farmingdale: Baywood, 1983. 156-84.

—. Shaping Written Knowledge: The Genre and Activity of the Experimental Article in Science. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1988.

Broadhead, Glenn J, and Richard C. Freed. The Variables of Composition: Process and Product in a Business Setting. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1986.

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “Social Construction, Language, and the Authority of Knowledge.” College English 48 (December 1986): 773-90.

Dobrin, David N. “Is Technical Writing Particularly Objective?” College English 47 (March 1985): 237-51.

Geertz, Clifford. The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books, 1973.

Houp, Kenneth W., and Thomas E. Pearsall. Reporting Technical Information. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1988.

Knorr, Karin D. “Tinkering Toward Success: Prelude to a Theory of Scientific Practice.” Theory and Society 8 (April 1979): 347-76.

Lannon, John M. Technical Writing. 3rd ed. Boston: Little, 1985.

Latour, Bruno. “Is It Possible to Reconstruct the Research Process?” The Social Process of Scientific Investigation. Ed. Karin D. Knorr, Roger Krohn, and Richard Whitley. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1981. 53-73.

—. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1987.

Latour, Bruno, and Steve Woolgar. Laboratory Life. Beverly Hills: Sage, 1979.

Law, John, and R. J. Williams. “Putting Facts Together: A Study of Scientific Persuasion.” Social Studies of Science 12 (Fall 1982): 535-58.

Lefevre, Karen B. Invention as a Social Act. Studies in Writing and Rhetoric. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

Mathes, J. c., and Dwight W. Stevenson. Designing Technical Reports: Writing for Audiences in Organizations. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1976.

Miller, Carolyn R. “The Ethos of Science and the Ethos of Technology.” CCCC Convention. Washington, Mar. 1980.

—. “Genre as Social Action.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 70 (May 1984); 151-67.

Miller, Carolyn R., and Jack Selzer. “Special Topics of Argument in Engineering Reports.” Writing in Nonacademic Settings. Ed. Lee Odell and Dixie Goswami. New York: Guilford, 1985. 309-4l.

Nelson, John S., Allan Megill, and Donald N. McCloskey. The Rhetoric of the Human Sciences. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1987.

Paradis, James, David Dobrin, and Richard Miller. “Writing at Exxon ITD: Notes on the Writing Environment of an R&D Organization.” Writing in Nonacademic Settings. Ed. Lee Odell and Dixie Goswami. New York: Guilford, 1985.281-307.

Selzer, Jack. “The Composing Processes of an Engineer.” CCC 34 (May 1983): 178-87.

Toulmin, Stephen. Human Understanding: The Collective Use and Evolution of Concepts. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1972.

Stotsky, Sandra. “On Planning and Writing Plans. Or Beware of Borrowed Theories!” CCC 41.1 (1990): 37-57.

Abstract:

This article illustrates the current research and pedagogical problem caused by the lack of a cohesive definition of planning and writing plans, gives reasons why the problem is occurring, and offers a new definition of writing plans. Stotsky argues that the absence of a precise definition has stunted research in planning, because without a clear conceptual definition, theories cannot be produced, tested, refined or shared. She claims that composition’s borrowing of other disciplines’ theoretical frameworks have caused the ambiguity surrounding writing plans. Cognitive psychology’s theory that thinking precedes writing created a binary between product and process, a binary that is challenged in writing plans because of the difficulty of separating mental planning from physical writing action. She proposes that researchers adopt a Vygotskian view of language and offers a new theory of planning as the composing (not writing) process, which she defines as “the activity of creating ideas and connecting them coherently, internally, and visibly.”

Keywords:

ccc41.1 Writing Process Research Plans Thinking Goals MentalConstructs LFlower JHayes Purpose Study Planning

Works Cited

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York: St. Martin’s, 1988.

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Cooper, Marilyn, and Michael Holzman. “Talking about Protocols.” CCC 34 (October 1983): 284-93.

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—. “Images, Plans, and Prose: The Representation of Meaning in Writing.” Written Communication 1 (January 1984): 120-60.

—. “Plans that Guide the Composing Process.” Writing: The Nature, Development, and Teaching of Written Communication, Volume 2. Ed. Carl H. Frederiksen and Joseph Dominic. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1981. 39-58.

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Stotsky, Sandra. Making Connections Between Civic Education and Language Education. New York: Teachers College, forthcoming.

—. “On Learning to Write About Ideas.” CCC 37 (October 1986): 276-93.

—. Rev. of A New Perspective on Cohesion in Expository Paragraphs, by Robin Bell Markels. CCC 37 (December 1986): 489-90.

Trimmer, Joseph, and James McCrimmon. Writing with a Purpose. 9th ed. Boston: Houghton, 1988.

Tuinman, Jaap. Rev. of Reading Comprehension Assessment: A Cognitive Basis, by Paul Johnston. Journal of Reading Behavior 16 (1984): 159-64.

Walvoord, Barbara Fassler. Writing: Strategies for all Disciplines. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1985.

Witte, Stephen. “Pre-Text and Composing.” CCC 38 (December 1987): 397-425.

Worth, Anderson, et al. “Cross-Curricular Underlife: A Collaborative Report on Ways with Academic Words.” CCC 41.1 (1990): 11-36.

Abstract:

The six authors (five students and one professor) conducted a study of the reading and writing practices in the University of Utah’s required writing course and in other lower-division courses at the institution. Each of the five student-authors reflected individually on how learning was (or wasn’t) happening in their second-quarter courses: the literacy practices used, their motivation for taking certain classes, and the effect of the teacher’s and other students’ attitudes on the class. They found that what defines “academic literacy” varies by the discourse community that the student is in. The student-authors conclude that a narrowly defined first-year course that does not consider the varying ways students will be writing does not adequately prepare students to use language efficiently in other courses. Susan Miller agrees and points out that first-year composition’s view of academic literacy is “simultaneously too uniformed and idealistic about, and too alienated from, the multicultural, multileveled settings in which that literacy has purchase,” and that students must learn in first-year writing how to analyze and understand the ethoi that informs each rhetorical situation they encounter.

Keywords:

ccc41.1 Students Classrooms Writing Courses Teachers Language Notes Learning Observations AcademicLiteracy DBrandt Underlife Values

Works Cited

Bazerman, Charles. The Informed Writer. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton, 1988.

Brooke, Robert. “Underlife and Writing Instruction.” CCC 38 (May 1987): 141-53.

Chase, Geoffrey. “Accommodation, Resistance and the Politics of Student Writing.” CCC 39 (February 1988): 13-22.

Connors, Robert J., and Andrea A. Lunsford. “Frequency of Formal Errors in Current College Writing, or Ma and Pa Kettle Do Research.” CCC39 (Dec. 1988): 395-409.

Lindemann, Erika. “Grading Rubrics for Class Evaluations of Writing Assignments.” Ms. distributed to class.

Miller, Susan. “The Subject of Composition.” Ch. 3 of Textual Carnivals: The Politics of Composition. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, forthcoming 1990.

Works Consulted

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Freed, Richard C., and Glenn J. Broadhead. “Discourse Communities, Sacred Texts, and Institutional Norms.” CCC 38 (May 1987): 154-65.

Harris, Joseph. ” The Idea of Community in the Study of Writing .” CCC40 (February 1989): 11-22.

Heath, Shirley Brice. Ways With Words. New York: Cambridge UP, 1983.

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Murphy, Ann. ” Transference and Resistance in the Basic Writing Classroom: Problematics and Praxis .” CCC 40 (May 1989): 175-87.

Purves, Alan C., ed. Introduction. Writing Across Languages and Cultures: Issues in Contrastive Rhetoric. Written Communication Annual 2. Newbury Park: Sage, 1988. 9-21.

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Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v44-2

Gillam, Alice M. Rev. of New Visions of Collaborative Writing by Janis Forman. CCC 44.2 (1993): 258-259.

Durst, Russel K. Rev. of Methods and Methodology in Composition Research by Gesa Kirsch and Patricia A. Sullivan. CCC 44.2 (1993): 260-262.

Brooke, Robert. Rev. of Gaining Ground in College Writing: Tales of Development and Interpretation by Richard Haswell. CCC 44.2 (1993): 262-264.

Coe, Richard M. Rev. of Beyond Outlining: New Approaches to Rhetorical Form by Betty Cain. CCC 44.2 (1993): 264-266.

Greenberg, Karen L. Rev. of Portfolios in the Writing Classroom: An Introduction by Kathleen Blake Yancey. CCC 44.2 (1993): 266-268.

Londow, David Z. Rev. of Reading and Writing Essays: The Imaginative Tasks by Pat C. Hoy II. CCC 44.2 (1993): 268-270.

Kendig, Diane. Rev. of To Make a Poem by Alberta Turner; Working Words: The Process of Creative Writing by Wendy Bishop. CCC 44.2 (1993): 270-272.

Capra, Lucille. Rev. of Teaching Hearts and Minds: College Students Reflect on the Vietnam War in Literature by Barry Kroll; Illumination rounds: Teaching the Literature of the Vietnam War by Larry R. Johannessen; Vietnam, We’ve All Been There by Eric James Schroeder. CCC 44.2 (1993): 272-275.

Trimbur, John et al. “Responses to Maxine Hairston, ‘Diversity, Ideology, and Teaching Writing’ and Reply.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 248-256.

Voss, Ralph F. and Laurence Behrens. “Responses to Richard Gebhardt, ‘Theme Issue Feedback and Fallout’ and Reply.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 256-257.

Rothgery, David. “‘So What Do We Do Now?’ Necessary Directionality as the Writing Teacher’s Response to Racist, Sexist, Homophobic Papers.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 241-247.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Truth Students Paper Classrooms Teacher Situatedness Transcendence Cruelty Directionality Racism Sexism Homophobia SFish AntiFoundationalism Theory

Works Cited

Bauer, Dale. “The Other ‘p’ Word: The Feminist in the Classroom.” College English 52 (Apr. 1990): 385-96.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Beyond Anti-Foundationalism to Rhetorical Authority: Problems Defining Cultural Literacy.” College English 52 (Oct. 1990): 661-75.

Clarke, Arthur C. 2001: A Space Odyssey. New York: Signet, 1968.

Fish, Stanley. Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric, and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies. Durham: Duke UP, 1989.

Foucault, Michel. The Archaeology of Knowledge. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon, 1972.

—. “Truth and Power.” Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-77. Trans. Colin Gordon, Leo Marshall, John Mepham, and Kate Soper. Ed. Colin Gordon. New York: Pantheon, 1980. 109-33.

Lent, Robin. “‘I Can Relate to That…’: Reading and Responding in the Writing Classroom.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 232-240.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Response Essay Reading Poverty Students Writing Paper JKozol ResponsePapers

Works Cited

Bartholomae, David, and Anthony Petrosky. Facts, Artifacts, and Counterfacts. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1986.

Gans, Herbert. “The Uses of Poverty: The Poor Pay All.” Kennedy, Kennedy, and Smith 321-29.

Gibbons, Kaye. Ellen Foster. New York: Vintage, 1988.

Harrington, Michael. “A Definition of Poverty.” Kennedy, Kennedy, and Smith 300-03.

Kennedy, Mary Lynch, William J. Kennedy, and Hadley M. Smith, eds. Writing in the Disciplines: A Reader for Writers. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1987.

Kozol, Jonathan. Rachel and Her Children: Homeless Families in America. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1988.

Marin, Peter. “Helping and Hating the Homeless.” Muscatine and Griffith 695-704. Muscatine, Charles, and Marlene Griffith. The Borzoi College Reader. 6th ed. New York: Knopf, 1988.

Newkirk, Thomas. “Looking for Trouble: A Way to Unmask Our Readings.” To Com pose: Teaching Writing in High School and College. Ed. Thomas Newkirk. 2nd ed. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1990. 209-21.

Parker, Jo Goodwin. “What is Poverty?” Muscatine and Griffith 692-95.

Ryan, William. “Learning to Be Poor: The Culture of Poverty Cheesecake.” Kennedy, Kennedy, and Smith 304-21.

Scholes, Robert. Textual Power: Literary Theory and the Teaching of English. New Haven: Yale UP, 1985.

Schumacher, E.F. “A Culture of Poverty.” Kennedy, Kennedy, and Smith 329-35.

Weimer, Linda. “Hoping to Make A Difference.” Boston Globe 18 Aug. 1989: 24.

—. “Stripping Down to Bare Happiness.” The Contemporary Reader from Little, Brown. Ed. Gary Goshgarian. 2d. ed. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1987.41-44.

Hesse, Douglas. “Teachers as Students, Reflecting Resistance.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 224-231.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Students Writing GraduateStudents Texts Theory Knowledge Teaching Teachers Composition Pedagogy Community Authority DBartholomae

Works Cited

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Bartholomae, David. “Writing on the Margins: The Concept of Literacy in Higher Education.” A Sourcebook for Basic Writing Teachers. Ed. Theresa Enos. New York: Random House, 1987. 66-83.

Bleich, David. “Reconceiving Literacy: Language Use and Social Relations.” Response to Writing: Theory, Practice, and Research. Ed. Chris Anson. Urbana: NCTE, 1989. 15-36.

Gebhardt, Richard C. “Unifying Diversity in the Training of Writing Teachers.” Training the New Teacher of College Composition. Ed. Charles W. Bridges. Urbana: NCTE, 1986. 1-12.

Greene, Bob. “Bar Wars.” Esquire 106.5 (Nov. 1986): 61-62. Rpt. in Our Times. Ed. Robert Atwan. New York: St. Martin’s, 1989. 230-34.

Hairston, Maxine. “Comment.” College English 52 (Oct. 1990): 694-96.

Harwood, William R. “Gods, Goddesses, and Bibles: The Canonization of Misogyny.” Humanist May/June 1985: 23-25, ff. Rpt. in Our Times. Ed. Robert Arwan. New York: St. Martin’s, 1989.403-08.

Hirsch, E. D. “Cultural Literacy.” The American Scholar 52.2 (Spring 1983): 159-69.

Lunsford, Andrea. “Cognitive Studies and Teaching Writing.” Perspectives on Research and Scholarship in Composition. Ed. Ben W. McClelland and Timothy R. Donovan. New York: MLA, 1985. 145-61.

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Spellmeyer, Kurt. “Foucault and the Freshman Writer: Considering the Self in Discourse.” College English 51 (Nov. 1989): 715-29.

Connors, Robert J. and Andrea A. Lunsford. “Teachers’ Rhetorical Comments on Student Papers.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 200-223.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Comments Teachers Papers Students Writing Readers Commentary Issues GlobalComments Grades Error Response Rating Scale Process

Works Cited

Anson, Chris M., ed. Writing and Response: Theory, Practice, and Research. Urbana: NCTE, 1989.

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Brannon, Lil. “Response.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. Cincinnati, 20 Mar. 1992.

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Connors, Robert L., and Andrea A. Lunsford. ” Frequency of Formal Errors in Current College Writing, or, Ma and Pa Kettle Do Research. ” CCC 39 (Dec. 1988): 395-409.

Copeland, Charles T., and H. M. Rideout. Freshman English and Theme Correcting at Harvard College. New York: Silver-Burdett, 1901.

Corbett, Edward P. J. Selected Essays of Edward P. J Corbett. Ed. Robert J. Connors. Dallas: Southern Methodist UP, 1989.

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Fleece, Jeffrey. “Teacher as Audience.” College English 13 (Feb. 1952): 272-75.

Gilbert, Allan H. “What Shall We Do with Freshman Themes?” English Journal 11 (Sep. 1922): 392-403.

Griffin, C.W “Theory of Responding to Student Writing: The State of the Art.” CCC 33 (Oct. 1982): 296-301.

Griswold, Louise. “Getting Results from Theme-Correction.” English Journal 18 (Mar. 1929): 245-47.

Hewitt, Charles C. “Criticism-Getting It Over.” English Journal 10 (Feb. 1921): 85-88.

Hillocks, George Jr. Research on Written Composition: New Directions for Teaching. Urbana: NCRE, 1986.

Holley, Hilda. “Correcting and Grading Themes.” English Journal 13 (Jan. 1924): 29-34.

Hudelson, Earl. “The Development and Comparative Values of Composition Scales.” English Journal 12 (Mar. 1923): 163-68.

James, H. W. “A National Survey of the Grading of College Freshman Composition.” English Journal 12 (Oct. 1926): 579-87.

Kitzhaber, Albert R. Themes, Theories, and Therapy: The Teaching of Writing in College. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.

Knoblauch, C. H., and Lil Brannon. “Teacher Commentary on Student Writing: The State of the Art.” Freshman English News 10 (Fall 1981): 1-4.

Leonard, Sterling A. “Building a Scale of Purely Composition Quality.” English Journal 14 (Dec. 1925): 760-75.

Phelps, Louise W. “Images of Student Writing: The Deep StructUre of Teacher Response.” Anson 37-67.

Rodabaugh, Delmer. “Assigning and Commenting on Themes.” College English 16 (Oct. 1954): 33-37.

Rohman, D. Gordon. “Pre-Writing: The Stage of Discovery in the Writing Process.” CCC 16 (May 1965): 106-12.

Schwegler, Robert. “The Politics of Reading Student Papers.” The Politics of Writing Instruction: Postsecondary. Ed. Richard Bullock and John Trimbur. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 203-26.

Simmons, Sue Carter. “A Critique of the Stereotypes of Current-Traditional Rhetoric: Invention and Writing Instruction at Harvard, 1875-1900.” Diss. U of Texas at Austin, 1991.

Sommers, Nancy I. “Responding to Student Writing.” CCC 33 (May 1982): 148-56.

Scott, Fred Newton. “Our Problems.” English Journal 2 (Jan. 1913): 1-10.

Appleman, Deborah and Douglas E. Green. “Mapping the Elusive Boundary between High School and College Writing.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 191-199.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Writing College HighSchool Students Process Papers Program Revision Requirement School

Works Cited

Anson, Chris M. “Introduction: Response to Writing and the Paradox of Uncertainty.” Writing and’ Response: Theory, Practice, and Research. Ed. Chris M. Anson. Urbana: NCTE, 1989. 1-11.

Applebee, Arthur N., Judith A. Langer, and Ina V. S. Mullis. The Writing Report Card: Writing Achievement in American Schools. Princeton: Educational Testing Service, 1986.

Flower, Linda S., and John R. Hayes. “The Cognition of Discovery: Defining a Rhetorical Problem.” CCC 31 (Feb. 1980): 21-32.

Freedman, Sarah Warshauer, with Cynthia Greenleaf and Melanie Sperling. Response to Student Writing. Urbana: NCTE, 1987.

Gere, Anne Ruggles. TEXT: Writing and Learning. 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan, 1988.

Hillocks, George, Jr. “Synthesis of Research on Teaching Writing.” Educational Leadership 44.8 (May 1987): 71-82.

Murray, Donald M. A Writer Teaches Writing. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton, 1985.

Hamp-Lyons, Liz and William Condon. “Questioning Assumptions about Portfolio-Based Assessment.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 176-190.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Portfolios Readers Assessment Writing Reading Process Criteria Faculty Genre Assumptions Students Evidence Values Data Consensus

Works Cited

Anson, Chris, and Robert L. Brown. “Large-Scale Portfolio Assessment in the Research University: Stories of Problems and Success.” Notes from the National Testing Network in Writing 19 (Mar. 1990): 8-9.

Belanoff, Pat, and Peter Elbow. “Using Portfolios to Increase Collaboration and Community in a Writing Program.” Journal of Writing Program Administration 9 (Spring 1986): 27-39.

Condon, William, and Liz Hamp-Lyons. “Introducing a Portfolio-Based Writing Assessment: Progress through Problems.” Portfolios: Process and Product. Ed. Pat Belanoff and Marcia Dickson. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 231-47.

Cooper, George, and Liz Hamp-Lyons. Looking in on Essay Readers. Ann Arbor: English Composition Board, 1988.

Daiker, Donald A., Jeffrey Sommers, Gail Stygall, and Laurel Black. The Best of Miami’s Portfolios. Oxford: Miami U, 1990.

Hamp-Lyon, Liz. “Reconstructing Academic Writing Proficiency.” Assessing Second Language Writing in Academic Settings. Ed. Liz Hamp-Lyons. Norwood: Ablex, 1991. 127-53.

Hamp-Lyons, Liz, and Rebecca Reed. Development of the New Michigan Writing Assessment: Report to the College of LS and A. Ann Arbor: English Composition Board, 1990.

Huot, Brian. “Reliability, Validity, and Holistic Scoring: What We Know and What We Need to Know.” CCC 41 (Feb. 1990): 201-13.

Keller-Cohen, Deborah, and Arthur Wolfe. Extended Writing in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts: Report on a Faculty Survey. Ann Arbor: English Composition Board, 1987.

Larsen, Richard L. “Using Portfolios in the Assessment of Writing in the Academic Disciplines.” Portfolios: Process and Product. Ed. Pat Belanoff and Marcia Dickson. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 137-150.

Roemer, Marjorie, Lucille M. Schultz, and Russel K. Durst. ” Portfolios and the Process of Change .” CCC 42 (Dec. 1991): 455-69.

Smit, David, Patricia Kolonosky, and Kathryn Seltzer. “Implementing a Portfolio System.” Portfolios: Process and Product. Ed. Pat Belanoff and Marcia Dickson. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 46-56.

Tennyson, Lord Alfred. Idylls of the King. New York: New American Library, 1961.

Wauters, Joan K. “Evaluation for Empowerment: A Portfolio Proposal for Alaska.” Portfolios: Process and Product. Ed. Pat Belanoff and Marcia Dickson. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1991. 57-68.

Bernhardt, Stephen A. “The Shape of Text to Come: The Texture of Print on Screens.” CCC 44.2 (1993): 151-175.

Abstract:

Keywords:

ccc44.2 Texts Readers Screens Information Paper Print Books Cues Language Space Interaction Strategies Design Computers Technology

Works Cited

Barton, Ben F., and Marthalee S. Barton. “Simplicity in Visual Representation: A Semiotic Approach.” Journal of Business and Technical Communication 1 (1987): 9-26.

—. “Trends in Visual Representation.” Technical and Business Communication: Bibliography Essays for Teachers and Corporate Trainers. Ed. Charles Sides. Urbana: NCTE, 1989. 95-135.

Barrett, Edward, ed. The Society of Text: Hypertext, Hypermedia, and the Social Construction of Knowledge. Cambridge: MIT P, 1989.

Bernhardt, Stephen A. “The Reader, the Writer, and the Scientific Text.” Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 15.2 (1985): 163-74.

—. “Seeing the Text.” CCC 37 (Feb. 1986): 66-78.

Bolter, Jay David. Writing Space: The Computer, Hypertext, and the History of Writing. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1991.

Brockmann, R. John. Writing Better Computer User Documentation: From Paper to Hypertext. Version 2. New York: Wiley, 1990.

Chignell, Marc H., and Richard M. Lacy. “Project Jefferson: Integrating Research and Instruction.” Academic Computing 3 (Oct. 1988): 12-17, 40-45.

Duchastel, Philippe C. “Display and Interaction Features of Instructional Texts and Computers.” British Journal of Educational Technology 19.1 (1988): 58-65.

Harward, V. Judson. “From Museum to Monitor: The Visual Exploration of the Ancient World.” Academic Computing 2 (May/June 1988): 16-19, 69-71.

Herrstrom, David S., and David G. Massey. “Hypertext in Context.” Barrett 45-58.

Horton, William. Designing and Writing Online Documentation: Help Files to Hypertext. New York: Wiley, 1990.

Jong, Steven. “The Challenge of Hypertext.” Proceedings of the 35th International Technical Communication Conference. Washington: Society for Technical Communication, 1988. 30-32.

Kostelnick, Charles. “Visual Rhetoric: A Reader-Oriented Approach to Graphics and Design.” Technical Writing Teacher 16 (Winter 1989): 77-88.

Lynch, Anne. “Project Jefferson and the Development of Research Skills.” Reference Services Review (Fall 1989): 91-96.

Merrill, Paul F. “Displaying Text on Microcomputers.” The Technology of Text. Ed. David Jonassen. Vol. 2. Englewood Cliffs: Educational Technology Publications, 1982. 401-13.

Nielsen, Jakob. “The Art of Navigating through Hypertext.” Communications of the ACM 33 (March 1990): 296-310.

Ong, Walter J. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. London: Methuen, 1982.

Redish, Janice. “Writing in Organizations.” Writing in the Business Professions. Ed. Myra Kogen. Urbana: NCTE, 1989. 97-124.

Rubens, Philip M. “Online Information, Hypermedia, and the Idea of Literacy.” Barrett 3-20.

—. “A Reader’s View of Text and Graphics: Implications for Transactional Text.” Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 16.1/2 (1986): 73-86.

Rubens, Philip M., and Robert Krull. “Application of Research on Document Design to Online Displays.” Technical Communication (4th Quarter 1985): 29-34.

Slatin, John M. “Reading Hypertext: Order and Coherence in a New Medium.” College English 52 (Dec. 1990): 870-83.

Sticht, Thomas. “Understanding Readers and Their Uses of Text.” Designing Usable Texts. Ed. Thomas M. Duffy and Robert M. Waller. Orlando: Academic Press, 1985. 315-40.

Tufte, Edward R. Envisioning Information. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press, 1990. Visible Language. Special issue on adaptation to new display technologies. 18.1 (Winter 1984).

Walker, Janet H. “Authoring Tools for Complex Document Sets.” Barrett 132-47. Writing on the Edge. Special issue on hypertext. 2.2 (Spring 1991).

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v40-3

Royster, Jacqueline Jones. Rev. of Lives on the Boundary: The Struggle and Achievements of America’s Underprepared by Mike Rose. CCC 40.3 (1989): 349-350.

Penticoff, Richard. Rev. of Audits of Meaning: A Festschrift in Honor of Ann E. Berthoff by Louise Z. Smith. CCC 40.3 (1989): 350-352.

Bamberg, Betty. Rev. of Composition Research/Empirical Designs by Janice M. Lauer and J. William Asher. CCC 40.3 (1989): 352-353.

Dasenbrock, Reed Way. Rev. of Shaping Written Knowledge: The Genre and the Activity of the Experimental Article in Science by Charles Bazerman. CCC 40.3 (1989): 354-355.

Nienhuis, Terry. Rev. of Focus on Collaborative Learning by Jeff Golub and NCTE Committee on Classroom Practices. CCC 40.3 (1989): 355-356.

Rankin, Elizabeth. Rev. of Student Writing Groups: Demonstrating the Process . CCC 40.3 (1989): 356-357.

Flachmann, Kim. Rev. of The Plural I. And After by William E. Coles, Jr.; Seeing through Writing by William E. Coles, Jr. CCC 40.3 (1989): 357-360.

Smith, Susan Belasco. Rev. of The I-Search Paper by Ken Macrorie. CCC 40.3 (1989): 360-361.

McLeod, Susan H. “Writing across the Curriculum: The Second Stage, and beyond.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 337-343.

Daemmrich, Ingrid. “A Bridge to Academic Discourse: Social Science Research Strategies in the Freshman Composition Course.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 343-348.

CCCC Executive Committee. “Statement of Principles and Standards for the Postsecondary Teaching of Writing.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 329-336.

Abstract:

This statement outlines the executive committee’s position on the professional standards that promote quality education for full-time faculty, graduate students, temporary faculty, and part-time faculty. It stresses how important it is for both students and faculty to keep writing class sizes small and for writing programs to have adequately funded writing centers and support systems, space for conferencing with students, and opportunities for professional development.

Keywords:

ccc40.3 Faculty Writing Composition Teaching Research PartTimeFaculty Institutions Standards Departments

No works cited.

Thomas, Trudelle. “Demystifying the Job Search: A Guide for Candidates.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 312-327.

Abstract:

The author suggests several guidelines for composition and rhetoric candidates entering the job market. She proposes that candidates approach the job search as a research project: they should know what kind of job they want, what kind of institution they want to teach at, and where they want to teach. She also emphasizes the importance of building professional identity by attending and presenting at conferences, submitting articles, and completing dissertations on schedule. The article also explains when and where interviews in composition and rhetoric jobs occur and how to approach both the interview and the campus visit.

Keywords:

ccc40.3 JobSearch Interview Writing Schools Position Jobs Questions Faculty Campus Researchers Application GraduateStudents MLA Dossier CV

Selected Bibliography

Bestor, Dorothy K. Aside from Teaching English, What in the World Can You Do? Seattle: U of Washington P, 1977.

—. Aside from Teaching, What in the World Can You Do: Career Strategies for Liberal Arts Graduates. Seattle: U of Washington P, 1982.

Bolles, Richard N. What Color Is Your Parachute? A Practical Manual for job-Hunters and Career Changers. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press, 1988.

Boyer, Richard and David Savageau, eds. Places Rated Almanac: Your Guide to Finding the Best Places to Live in America. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1988.

A Career Guide for PhDs and PhD Candidates in English and Foreign Languages. Revised by English Showalter. New York: Modern Language Association, 1985.

CCCC Committee on Professional Guidance. “Draft Statement of Professional Guidance to Junior Faculty and Department Chairs.” CCC 38 (December 1987): 493-97.

Conference on College Composition and Communication. “Statement of Principles and Standards for the Postsecondary Teaching of Writing.” CCC 40 (October 1989): 329-36.

Connolly, Paul, and Teresa Vilardi, eds. New Methods in College Writing Programs: Theories in Practice. New York: Modern Language Association, 1986.

Fiske, Edward B. The Fiske Guide to Colleges 1989. New York: Times Books, 1988.

Guide to America’s Best Colleges and Professional Schools. Washington: U.S. News and World Report, 1988.

Hartzog, Carol P. Composition in the Academy: A Study of Writing Program Administration. New York: Modern Language Association, 1986.

Insiders’ Guide to the Colleges, 1988-89: Students from Coast to Coast Tell What Their Colleges Are Really Like. 14th ed. Compiled by Yale Daily News Staff. New York: St. Martin’s, 1988.

Irish, Richard K. Go Hire Yourself an Employer. 3rd ed. New York: Doubleday, 1987.

Medley, H. Anthony. Sweaty Palms: The Neglected Art of Being Interviewed. Berkeley, CA; Ten Speed Press, 1984.

Sternberg, David. How to Complete and Survive a Doctoral Dissertation. New York: St. Martin’s, 1981.

Timmerman, John H. “Advice to Candidates.” College English 50 (November 1988): 748-51.

Velez, Orlando, ed. Market Guide, 1989. New York: Editor and Publisher Co., 1989.

Worldwide Chamber of Commerce Directory, 1989. Loveland, CO: Worldwide Chamber of Commerce Directory, Inc., 1989.

Flower, Linda. “Cognition, Context, and Theory Building.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 282-311.

Abstract:

In this article, the author tries to bridge the gap between cognition and context – whether the composing act is more influenced by either individual cognition and personal values or social forces and cultural context – by suggesting that the two are always interconnected and informing one another. The author claims that moving beyond the debate between the two camps would help scholars understand more deeply how writing happens and help teachers guide their students through the hurdles, both personal and social, they face while writing. She offers three principles that show that cognition and context not only influence each other, but construct one another: that context provides cues to the individual writer, that context is always mediated by the individual writer, and that a writer’s purpose, though constrained and bounded, is always a meaningful rhetorical act. The article goes on to discuss observational research methodology and explain why observational research is essential in creating a theory that explains the intimate relationship between cognition and context.

Keywords:

ccc40.3 Theory Process Data Context Research Cognition Cognitive Students Writers Writing Response Knowledge Evidence Goals Experience TheoryBuilding Observation

Works Cited

Ackerman, John. “Translating Context into Action.” Reading-to-Write: Exploring a Cognitive and Social Process. Linda Flower et al. New York: Oxford UP, in press.

Applebee, Arthur N. “Problems in Process Approaches: Toward a Reconceptualization of Process Instruction.” The Teaching of Writing. Ed. David Bartholomae and Anthony Petrosky. Chicago: National Society for the Study of Education, 1985. 95-113.

—. Contexts for Learning to Write. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1984.

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” When a Writer Can’t Write: Studies in Writer’s Block and Other Composing-Process Problems. Ed. Mike Rose. New York: Guilford Press, 1985. 134-65.

Bazerman, Charles. “Physicists Reading Physics: Schema-laden Purposes and Purpose-laden Schemas.” Written Communication 2 (January 1985): 3-23.

Bereiter, Carl, and Marlene Scardamalia. The Psychology of Written Composition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1987.

Berlin, James. “Rhetoric and Ideology in the Writing Class.” College English 50 (September 1988): 477-94.

Berthoff, Ann. “Reading the World. . . Reading the Word: Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of Knowing.” Only Connect: Uniting Reading and Writing. Ed. Thomas Newkirk. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1986. 119-30.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Cognition, Convention, and Certainty: What We Need to Know about Writing.” Pre/Text 3 (Fall 1982): 213-44.

—. “College Composition: Initiation into the Academic Discourse Community.” Curriculum Inquiry 12.2(982): 191-207.

Brown, John Seely, Allan Collins, and Paul Duguid. “Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning.” Educational Researcher 18.1 (February 1989): 32-42.

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “Social Construction, Language, and the Authority of Knowledge: A Bibliographical Essay.” College English 48 (December 1986): 773-90.

Donmoyer, Robert. “The Rescue from Relativism: Two Failed Attempts and an Alternative Strategy.” Educational Researcher 14.10 (December 1985) 13-20.

Dyson, Anne Haas. “Individual Differences in Beginning Composing: An Orchestral Vision of Learning to Compose.” Written Communication 9 (October 1987): 411-42.

Emig, Janet. The Composing Processes of Twelfth Graders. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 1971.

Enos, Richard Leo. The Composing Process of the Sophist: New Directions for Composition Research. Occasional Paper. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at University of California, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon University, 1989.

Fetterman, David M. “Qualitative Approaches to Evaluating Education.” Educational Researcher 17.8 (November 1988): 17-23.

Firestone, William A. “Meaning in Method: The Rhetoric of Quantitative and Qualitative Research.” Educational Researcher 16.7 (October 1987): 16-2l.

Flower, Linda. “The Construction of Purpose in Writing and Reading.” College English 50 (September 1988): 528-50.

—. “The Role of Task Representation in Reading-to-Write.” Reading-to-Write: Exploring a Cognitive and Social Process. Linda Flower et al. New York: Oxford UP, in press.

Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. “Images, Plans and Prose: The Representation of Meaning in Writing. Written Communication 1 (January 1984): 120-60.

Flower, Linda, Karen A. Schriver, Linda Carey, Christina Haas, and John R. Hayes. Planning in Writing: The Cognition of a Constructive Process. Technical Report No. 34. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at University of California, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon University, 1989.

Flower, Linda, Victoria Stein, John Ackerman, Margaret J. Kantz, Kathleen McCormick, and Wayne C. Peck. Reading-to-Write: Exploring a Cognitive and Social Context. New York: Oxford UP, in press.

Freedman, Sarah, with Cynthia Greenleaf and Melanie Sperling. Response to Student Writing. Ur

bana: National Council of Teachers of English, 1987. Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Trans. Myra Ramos. New York: Continuum, 1986.

Garrison, James W. “Some Principles of Postpositivistic Philosophy of Science.” Educational Researcher 15.9 (November 1986): 12-18.

Glaser, Barney, and Anselm Scrauss. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine Publishing, 1967.

Gould, Stephen Jay. “Pretty Pebbles.” Natural History 97.4 (April 1988): 14-26.

Hayes, John R. “Empirical Research in Rhetoric.” National Council of Teachers of English Research Council Meeting. Chicago, 19 Feb. 1988.

Hayes, John R., and Linda Flower. “Identifying the Organization of Writing Processes.” Cognitive Processing in Writing: An Interdisciplinary Approach. Ed. Lee Gregg and Erwin Steinberg. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1980. 3-30.

Heath, Shirley B. Ways with Words: Language, Life and Work in Communities. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge UP, 1983.

Herrington, Ann. “Teaching, Writing and Learning: A Naturalistic of Writing in an Undergraduate Literature Course.” Writing in Academic Disciplines. Vol. II of Advances in Writing Research. Ed. David Jolliffe. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1988. 133-66.

Howe, Kenneth R. “Against the Quantitative-Qualitative Incompatibility Thesis or Dogmask Die Hard.” Educational Researcher 17.8 (November 1988): 10-16.

Huck, Schuyler W., and Howard M. Sandler. Rival Hypotheses: Alternative Interpretations of Data Based Conclusions. New York: Harper, 1979.

Knoblauch, C. H. “Rhetorical Constructions: Dialogue and Commitment.” College English 50 (February 1988): 125-40.

Lauer, Janice M., and J. William Asher. Composition Research: Empirical Designs. New York: Oxford UP, 1988.

Lunsford, Andrea, and Lisa Ede. “Why Write. . . Together: A Research Update.” Rhetoric Review 5 (Fall 1986): 71-8l.

Mathison, Sandra. “Why Triangulate?” Educational Researcher 17.2 (March 1988): 13-17.

Miles, Matthew B., and A. Michael Huberman. “Drawing Valid Meaning from Qualitative Data: Toward a Shared Craft.” Educational Researcher 13.5 (May 1984): 20-30.

Myers, Greg. “The Social Construction of Two Biologists’ Proposals.” Written Communication 2 (July 1985): 219-45.

McCormick, Kathleen. “The Cultural Imperatives Underlying Cognitive Acts.” Reading-to-Write: Exploring A Cognitive and Social Process. Linda Flower et al. New York: Oxford UP, in press.

Nelson, Jennie, and John R. Hayes. How the Writing Context Shapes Students’ Strategies for Writing from Sources. Technical Report No. 12. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at University of California, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon University, 1988.

North, Stephen M. The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1987.

O’Keefe, Daniel J. “Logical Empiricism and the Study of Human Communication.” Speech Monographs 42 (August 1975): 169-83.

Perelman, Chaim, and L. Olbrechts-Tyteca. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation. Trans. John Wilkinson and Purcell Weaver. Notre Dame: U of Notre Dame, 1969.

Peshkin, Alan. “In Search of Subjectivity–One’s Own.” Educational Researcher 17.7 (October 1988): 17-22.

Phillips, D. “After the Wake: Postpositivistic Educational Thought.” Educational Researcher 12.5 (May 1983): 4-12.

Rose, Mike. “Complexity, Rigor, Evolving Method, and the Puzzle of Writer’s Block: Thoughts on Composing-Process Research.” When A Writer Can’t Write: Studies in Writer’s Block and Other Composing-Process Problems. Ed. Mike Rose. New York: Guilford Press, 1985. 227-60.

—. “Narrowing the Mind and Page: Remedial Writers and Cognitive Reductionism.” CCC 39 (October 1988): 267-302.

Schriver, Karen A. “What Are We Doing as a Research Community? Theory Building in Rhetoric and Composition: The Role of Empirical Scholarship.” Rhetoric Review 7 (Spring 1989): 272-88.

Shaughnessy, Mina. Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Spradley, James. Participant Observation. New York: Holt, 1980.

Stein, Victoria. “Elaboration: Using What You Know.” Reading-to-Write: Exploring a Cognitive and Social Process. Linda Flower et al. New York: Oxford UP, in press.

Toulmin, Stephen. Foresight and Understanding. New York: Harper, 1961.

Wason, Peter C., and Philip N. Johnson-Laird. Psychology of Reasoning: Structure and Content. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1972.

Witte, Stephen. ” Pre-Text and Composing .” CCC 38 (December 1987): 397-425.

Kostelnick, Charles. “Process Paradigms in Design and Composition: Affinities and Directions.” CCC 40.3 (1989): 267-281.

Abstract:

This article attempts to create a cross-disciplinary theory of the creative act by juxtaposing the process movement, applied in composition theory and pedagogy, and design theory, used in fields like architecture and urban planning. The article explains the history and major tenets of both process and design theory, emphasizing that both value creativity as an important problem-solving tool, are concerned with the choices writers and designers make in the process of creating, emphasize the importance of context, and borrow theories from cognitive psychology and other fields. The author warns against urges in the field of composition to create a unified process theory, as no one model can fit all students’ needs and rhetorical situations.

Keywords:

ccc40.3 Process Design Writing Problems Methods Invention Model Designers Analysis Students Writers Theorists Paradigm Methodology CAlexander

Works Cited

Akin, Omer. “Exploration of the Design Process.” Design Methods and Theories 13 (July-Dec. 1979): 115-19.

Alexander, Christopher. Notes on the Synthesis of Form. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1964.

—. “The State of the Art in Design Methodology.” Interviewed by Max Jacobson. DMG Newsletter 5.3 (March 1971): 3-7.

Alexander, Christopher, and Barry Poyner. “The Atoms of Environmental Structure.” Emerging Methods in Environmental Design and Planning. Proc. of The Design Methods Group First International Conference. June 1968. Ed. Gary T. Moore. Cambridge: MIT P, 1970. 308-21.

Anderson, Paul V. “What Survey Research Tells Us about Writing at Work.” Odell and Goswami 3-83.

Berlin, James A. “Contemporary Composition: The Major Pedagogical Theories.” College English 44 (Dec. 1982): 765-77.

Brandt, Deborah. “Toward an Understanding of Context in Composition.” Written Communication 3 (April 1986): 139-57.

Broadbent, Geoffrey. “The Development of Design Methods-A Review.” Design Methods and Theories 13 (Jan.-March 1979): 41-45.

Broadbent, Geoffrey, Richard Bunt, and Charles Jencks. Signs, Symbols, and Architecture. New York: Wiley, 1980.

Broadhead, Glenn J, and Richard C. Freed. The Variables of Composition: Process and Product in a Business Setting. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois UP, 1986.

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “Social Construction, Language, and the Authority of Knowledge: A Bibliographical Essay.” College English 48 (Dec. 1986): 773-90.

Buchanan, Richard. “Declaration by Design: Rhetoric, Argument, and Demonstration in Design Practice.” Design Issues 2.1 (Spring 1985): 4-22.

Cooper, Marilyn M. “The Ecology of Writing.” College English 48 (April 1986): 364-75.

Cross, Anita. “Design Intelligence: The Use of Codes and Language Systems in Design.” Design Studies 7 (Jan. 1986): 14-19.

Cross, Nigel. “Designerly Ways of Knowing.” Design Studies 3 (Oct. 1982): 221-27.

—, ed. Developments in Design Methodology. New York: Wiley, 1984.

—. “Understanding Design: The Lessons of Design Methodology.” Design Methods and Theories 20 (1986): 409-38.

Daley, Janet. “Design Creativity and the Understanding of Objects.” Design Studies 3 (July 1982): 133-37.

Dobrin, David N. “Protocols Once More.” College English 48 (Nov. 1986): 713-25.

Doheny-Farina, Stephen. “Writing in an Emerging Organization: An Ethnographic Study.” Written Communication 3 (April 1986): 158-85.

Emig, Janet. The Composing Processes of Twelfth Graders. NCTE Research Report No. 13. Urbana, 11: NCTE, 1971.

Faigley, Lester. “Competing Theories of Process: A Critique and a Proposal.” College English 48 (Oct. 1986): 527-42.

Faigley, Lester, Roger D. Cherry, David A. Jolliffe, and Anna M. Skinner. Assessing Writers’ Knowledge and Processes of Composing. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1985.

Faigley, Lester, and Stephen Witte. “Analyzing Revision.” CCC 32 (Dec. 1981): 400-14.

Flower, Linda. Problem-Solving Strategies for Writing. 3rd ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989.

Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. “The Cognition of Discovery: Defining a Rhetorical Problem.” CCC 31 (Feb. 1980): 21-32.

—. “A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing.” CCC 32 (Dec. 1981): 365-87.

Fowles, Robert A., ed. “Special Issue: Design Methods in U. K. Schools of Architecture.” Editorial. Design Methods and Theories 13 (Jan.-March 1979): 2-5.

—. “What Happened to Design Methods in Architectural Education?” Design Methods and Theories 11 (Jan.-March 1977): 17-31.

Foz, Adel T.K. “Observations on Designer Behavior in the Parti.” DMG-DRS Journal: Design Research and Methods 7 (Oct.-Dec. 1973): 320-23.

Grant, Donald P. “Aims and Potentials of Design Methodology.” Responding to Social Change. Ed. Basil Honikman. Stroudsburg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, 1975. 96-108.

Hagge, John. “The Process Religion and Business Communication.” The Journal of Business Communication 24.1 (Winter 1987): 89-120.

Hairston, Maxine. “Different Products, Different Processes: A Theory About Writing.” CCC 37 (Dee. 1986): 442-52.

—. “The Winds of Change: Thomas Kuhn and the Revolution in the Teaching of Writing.” CCC 33 (Feb. 1982): 76-88.

Hillier, Bill, John Musgrove, and Pat O’Sullivan. “Knowledge and Design.” Environmental Design: Research and Practice. Proc. of the EDRA Conference. January 1972. Ed. William J. Mitchell. Los Angeles: UCLA, 1972.2 vols. 29-3-1 to 14.

Jones, J. Christopher. Design Methods: Seeds of Human Futures. London: Wiley-Interscience, 1970.

—. “How My Thoughts about Design Methods Have Changed during the Years.” Design Methods and Theories 11 (Jan.-March 1977): 48-62.

—. “A Method of Systematic Design.” Conference on Design Methods. Papers Presented at the Conference on Systematic and Intuitive Methods in Engineering, Industrial Design, Architecture and Communications. Sept. 1962. Ed. J. Christopher Jones and D.G. Thornley. Oxford: Pergamon, 1963. 53-73.

Lawson, Bryan R. “Cognitive Strategies in Architectural Design.” Ergonomics 22 (Jan. 1979): 59-68.

Lera, Sebastian. “Synopses of Some Recent Published Studies of the Design Process and Designer Behaviour.” Design Studies 4 (April 1983): 133-40.

Murray, Donald M. “Teaching the Other Self: The Writer’s First Reader.” CCC 33 (May 1982): 140-47.

—. “Writing as Process: How Writing Finds Its Own Meaning.” Eight Approaches to Teaching Composition. Ed. Timothy R. Donovan and Ben W. McClelland. Urbana, 11: NCTE, 1980. 3-20.

Odell, Lee, and Dixie Goswami, eds. Writing in Nonacademic Settings. New York: Guilford, 1985.

Perl, Sondra. “Understanding Composing.” CCC 31 (Dee. 1980): 363-69.

Piazza, Carolyn L. “Identifying Context Variables in Research on Writing: A Review and Suggested Directions.” Written Communication 4 (April 1987): 107-37.

Rittel, Horst W.J. “Some Principles for the Design of an Educational System for Design-Part One.” DMG Newsletter 4. 12 (Dec. 1970): 3-10.

—. “The State of the Art in Design Methods.” Interviewed by Donald P. Grant and Jean Pierre Protzen. DGM-DRS Journal 7 (April-June 1973): 143-47.

Rittel, Horst W. J., and Melvin M. Webber. “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning.” Policy Sciences 4 (June 1973): 155- 69.

Robinson, Julia W. “Design as Exploration.” Design Studies 7 (April 1986): 67-79.

Rohman, D. Gordon. “Pre-Writing: The Stage of Discovery in the Writing Process.” CCC 16 (May 1965): 106-12.

Selzer, Jack. “The Composing Processes of an Engineer.” CCC 34 (May 1983): 178-87.

Simmonds, Roger. “Limitations in the Decision Strategies of Design Students.” Design Studies 1 (Oct. 1980): 358-64.

Sommers, Nancy. “Revision Strategies of Student Writers and Experienced Adult Writers.” CCC 31 (Dec. 1980): 378-88.

Ward, A. “Design Cosmologies and Brain Research.” Design Studies 5 (Oct. 1984): 229-38.

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v40-4

Bizzell, Patricia. Rev. of The Social Construction of Written Communication by Bennett A. Rafoth and Donald L. Rubin. CCC 40.4 (1989): 483-486.

Arrington, Phillip, and Frank Farmer. Rev. of Three Steps to Revising Your Writing for Style, Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling by Barbara E. Walvoord; Style: Ten Lessons in Clarity and Grace by Joseph M. Williams; Clear and Coherent Prose: A Functional Approach by William Vande Kopple. CCC 40.4 (1989): 486-489.

Ney, James W. Rev. of The Complete Plain Words by Ernest Gowers, Sidney Greenbaum, and Janet Whitcut. CCC 40.4 (1989): 489-490.

Raimes, Ann. Rev. of Writing across Languages and Cultures: Issues in Contrastive Rhetoric by Alan C. Purves. CCC 40.4 (1989): 491-492.

Ray, Ruth, and Ellen Barton. “Response to Christina Haas and Linda Flower, “Rhetorical Reading Strategies and the Construction of Meaning.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 480-481.

Haas, Christina, and Linda Flower. “Reply by Christina Haas and Linda Flower.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 482.

Shen, Fan. “The Classroom and the Wider Culture: Identity as a Key to Learning English Composition.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 459-466.

Murphy, Richard J., Jr. “On Stories and Scholarship.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 466-472.

Schriner, Delores K. and William C. Rice. “Computer Conferencing and Collaborative Learning: A Discourse Community at Work.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 472-478.

Tobin, Lad. “Bridging Gaps: Analyzing Our Students’ Metaphors for Composing.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 444-458.

Abstract:

In this article, the author argues that teachers of writing should consider more closely their students’ metaphors for writing, both those that express frustration and confusion and those that communicate excitement and enjoyment. The author, citing metaphor as a powerful learning and teaching tool, suggests that teachers activity elicit their students’ metaphors for writing to as a starting point to discuss with their students issues of classroom power dynamics, instructor authority, and attitude towards writing.

Keywords:

ccc40.4 Writing Metaphor Students Writers Process Relationship Teachers Frustration Topic Concept

Works Cited

Belenky, Mary Field, et al. Womens’ Ways of Knowing: The Development of Self, Voice, and Mind. New York: Basic Books, 1986.

Berthoff, Ann E. Forming/Thinking/Writing: The Composing Imagination. Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1982.

Booth, Wayne C. “Metaphor as Rhetoric: The Problem of Evaluation.” On Metaphor. Ed. Sheldon Sacks. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1978.47-70.

DeFrees, Madeline. “The Radical Activity of Writing Poems.” Spectrum. San Diego: Harcourt, 1987. 411-24.

Elbow, Peter. Writing Without Teachers. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1973.

Emig, Janet. The Web of Meaning: Essays on Writing, Teaching, Learning, and Thinking. Ed. Dixie Goswami and Maureen Butler. Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1983.

Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. “The Cognition of Discovery: Defining a Rhetorical Problem.” The Writing Teacher’s Sourcebook. 2nd ed. Ed. Gary Tate and Edward P.J. Corbett. New York: Oxford UP, 1988. 92-102.

—. “Images, Plans, and Prose: The Representation of Meaning in Writing.” Written Communication 1 (January 1984): 120-60.

Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1980.

Murray, Donald M. “How the Text Instructs: Writing Teaches Writing.” Unpublished Paper Presented at the Miami University Conference on Writing Teacher as Researcher. Oxford, Ohio, Oct. 1988.

—. “Internal Revision: A Process of Discovery.” Learning By Teaching 72-87.

—. Learning By Teaching: Selected Articles on Writing and Teaching. Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1982.

Percy, Walker. “Metaphor as Mistake.” Reclaiming the Imagination: Philosophical Perspectives for Writers and Teachers of Writers. Ed. Ann E. Berthoff. Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1984. 132-44.

Perelman, Chaim. “The New Rhetoric: A Theory of Practical Reasoning.” The Rhetoric of Western Thought. 3rd ed. Ed. James L. Golden, Goodwin F. Berquist, and William E. Coleman. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt, 1983. 403-23.

Peterson, Linda. “Repetition and Metaphor in the Early Stages of Composing.” CCC 36 (December 1985): 429-43.

Richards, I. A. The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1936.

Rose, Mike. Writer’s Block: The Cognitive Dimension. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984.

Rubin, Lois. “Uneven Performance: What Students Do and Don’t Know About Their Own Writing.” Writing Instructor 4 (Summer 1985): 157-68.

Shaughnessy, Mina. Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Smith, Louise. “Enigma Variations: Reading and Writing Through Metaphor.” Only Connect: Uniting Reading and Writing. Ed. Thomas Newkirk. Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1986. 158-73.

Tomlinson, Barbara. “Characters Are Coauthors: Segmenting the Self, Integrating the Composing Process.” Written Communication 3 (October 1986): 421-48.

—. “Talking About Composing: The Limitations of Retrospective Accounts.” Written Communication 1 (October 1984): 429-45.

—. “Tuning, Tying, and Training Texts: Metaphors for Revision.” Written Communication 5 (January 1988): 58-80.

Tracy, David. “Metaphor and Religion: The Test Case of Christian Texts.” On Metaphor. Ed. Sheldon Sacks. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1978. 89-104.

Weaver, Richard M. The Ethics of Rhetoric. Davis: Hermagoras, 1985.

Schilb, John. “Composition and Poststructuralism: A Tale of Two Conferences.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 422-443.

Abstract:

This article explores what the place of poststructural theories should be in the field of composition by comparing the histories of composition and poststructuralism through looking at two different conferences that took place in the 1960s: the 1963 CCCC meeting and a 1966 conference at Johns Hopkins entitled “The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man.” The author pairs participants from each conference and imagines they might say if they were brought together, noting in particular how each person defined rhetoric, which enlightens the current debate between composition and poststructuralist scholars over the term. In his conclusion, the author proposes that English departments embrace the conflicting variety of definitions of rhetoric in order to become a richer community of scholars.

Keywords:

ccc40.4 Rhetoric Composition Poststructuralism JDerrida WBooth ECorbett Writing RBarthes JLacan Language LiteraryTheory JohnsHopkins History CCCC Discourse Theory Scholarship Linguistics Conferences

Works Cited

Althusser, Louis. “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.” Lenin and Philosophy. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review, 1971. 127-86.

Atkins, G. Douglas, and Michael 1. Johnson, eds. Writing and Reading Differently: Deconstruction and the Teaching of Composition and Literature. Lawrence; UP of Kansas, 1985.

Barthes, Roland. “The Old Rhetoric: an aide-memoire.” The Semiotic Challenge. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Hill and Wang, 1988. 11-94.

—. S/Z. Trans. Richard Miller. New York: Hill and Wang, 1974.

—. “To Write: An Intransitive Verb?” Macksey and Donato 134-45.

Bartholomae, David. ” Freshman English, Composition, and CCCC .” CCC 40 (February 1989); 38-50.

Berlin, James. “Rhetoric and Ideology in the Writing Class.” College English 50 (September 1988): 477-94.

Berthoff, Ann E. “How Philosophy Can Help Us.” Pre/Text 9 (Spring/Summer 1988): 61-66.

Booth, Wayne. Critical Undemanding: The Powers and Limits of Pluralism. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1979.

—. “The Rhetorical Stance.” CCC 14 (October 1963): 139-45.

Brereton, John, ed. Traditions of Inquiry. New York: Oxford UP, 1985.

Brooke, Robert. “Control in Writing: Flower, Derrida, and Images of the Writer.” College English 51 (April 1989): 405-17.

—. “Lacan, Transference, and Writing Instruction.” College English 49 (October 1987): 679-91.

Bruffee, Kenneth. “Collaborative Learning and the ‘Conversation of Mankind.'” College English 46 (November 1984): 635-52.

Christensen, Francis. “A Generative Rhetoric of the Sentence.” CCC 14 (October 1963): 155-61.

Clifford, John, and John Schilb. “A Perspective on Eagleton’s Revival of Rhetoric.” Rhetoric Review 6 (Fall 1987): 22-31.

Comley, Nancy R. “A Release from Weak Specifications: Liberating the Student Reader.” Atkins and Johnson 129-38.

Connors, Robert, Lisa S. Ede, and Andrea Lunsford. “The Revival of Rhetoric in America.” Essays on Classical Rhetoric and Modern Discourse. Ed. Connors, Ede, and Lunsford. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984. 1-15.

Corbett, Edward P. J. “Literature and Composition: Allies or Rivals in the Classroom?” Horner 168-84.

—. “The Usefulness of Classical Rhetoric.” CCC 14 (October 1963): 162-64.

Corder, Jim W., and James S. Baumlin. “Lonesomeness in English Studies.” ADE Bulletin 85 (Winter 1986): 36-39.

Covino, William A. The Art of Wondering: A Revisionist Return to the History of Rhetoric. Portsmouth: Boynton/Cook, 1988.

Crowley, Sharon. “Of Gorgias and Grammatology.” CCC 30 (October 1979): 279-84.

—. “writing and Writing.” Atkins and Johnson 93-100.

Culler, Jonathan. On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1982.

De Lauretis, Teresa. Alice Doesn’t: Feminism, Semiotics, Cinema. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1984.

de Man, Paul. Allegories of Reading: Figural Language in Rousseau, Nietzsche, Rilke, and Proust. New Haven: Yale UP, 1979.

Derrida, Jacques. “Afterword: Toward An Ethic of Discussion.” Trans. Samuel Weber. Limited Inc 111-60.

—. Limited Inc. Ed. Gerald Graff. Evanston: Northwestern UP, 1988.

—. “Limited Inc a b c. . . .” Trans. Samuel Weber. Limited Inc 29-110.

—. Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1976.

—. “Psyche: Inventions of the Other.” Trans. Catherine Porter. Reading de Man Reading. Ed. Lindsay Waters and Wlad Godzich. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1989.25-65.

—. “Signature Event Context.” Trans. Samuel Weber and Jeffrey Mehlman. Limited Inc 1-23.

—. “Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences.” Macksey and Donato 247-65.

—. “White Mythology: Metaphor in the Text of Philosophy,” Margins of Philosophy. Trans. Alan Bass. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1982. 207-71.

Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1983.

Ede, Lisa, and Andrea Lunsford. “Audience Addressed/Audience Invoked: The Role of Audience in Composition Theory and Pedagogy.” CCC 35 (May 1984): 155-71.

Faigley, Lester. “The Study of Writing and the Study of Language.” Rhetoric Review 7 (Spring 1989): 240-56.

Felman, Shoshana. Jacques Lacan and the Adventure of Insight: Psychoanalysis in Contemporary Culture. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1987.

Graff, Gerald. Professing Literature: An Institutional History. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1987.

Hairston, Maxine. “Breaking Our Bonds and Reaffirming Our Connections.” CCC 36 (October 1985): 272-82.

Harned, Jon. “Post-Structuralism and the Teaching of Composition.” Freshman English News 15.2 (Fall 1986): 10-16.

Harris, Joseph. “The Plural Text/The Plural Self: Roland Barthes and William Coles.” College English 49 (February 1987): 158-70.

Horner, Winifred Bryan, ed. Composition and Literature: Bridging the Gap. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.

Johnson, Barbara. A World of Difference. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1987.

Knoblauch, C. H., and Lil Brannon. Rhetorical Traditions and the Teaching of Writing. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1984.

Kaufer, David, and Gary Waller. “To Write Is to Read Is to Write, Right?” Atkins and Johnson 66-92.

Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection, Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Norton, 1977.

—. “Of Structure as an Inmixing of an Otherness Prerequisite to Any Subject Whatever.” Macksey and Donato 186-95.

Lentricchia, Frank. After the New Criticism. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1980.

Macksey, Richard. “Lions and Squares: Opening Remarks.” Macksey and Donato. 1-14.

Macksey, Richard, and Eugenio Donato, eds. The Structuralist Controversy: The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1972.

Miller, J. Hillis. “The Two Rhetorics: George Eliot’s Bestiary.” Atkins and Johnson 101-14.

Neel, Jasper. Plato, Derrida, and Writing. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1988.

North, Stephen N. The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field. Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1987.

Northam, Paul. “Heuristics and Beyond: Deconstruction/Inspiration and the Teaching of Writing Invention.” Atkins and Johnson 115-28.

Ohmann, Richard. “Use Definite, Concrete, Specific Language.” College English 41 (December 1979): 390-97.

Petersen, Bruce T., ed. Convergences: Transactions in Reading and Writing. Urbana: NCTE, 1986.

Phelps, Louise Wetherbee. Composition as a Human Science: Contributions to the Self-Understanding of a Discipline. New York: Oxford UP, 1988.

Rorty, Richard. Consequences of Pragmatism. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1982.

Schilb, John. “Deconstructing Didion: Poststructuralist Rhetorical Theory in the Composition Classroom.” Literary Nonfiction: Theory, Criticism, Pedagogy. Ed. Chris Anderson. Urbana: Southern Illinois UP, 1989. 262-86.

—. “The History of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of History.” Pre/Text 7 (Spring/Summer 1986): 11-34.

—. “Ideology and Composition Scholarship.” Journal of Advanced Composition 8 (1988): 22-29.

Snyder, Carol. “Analyzing Classifications: Foucault for Advanced Writers.” CCC 35 (May 1984): 209-16.

Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. In Other Worlds: Essays in Cultural Politics. New York: Methuen, 1987.

Swearingen, C. Jan. “Bloomsday for Literacy: How Reactionaries and Relativists Alike Undermine Literacy While Seeming to Promote It.” Freshman English News 17.1 (Fall 1988): 2-5.

Vitanza, Victor J. “Rhetoric’s Past and Future: A Conversation with Edward P.J. Corbett.” Pre/Text 8 (Fall/Winter 1987): 247-64.

Weber, Samuel. Institution and Interpretation. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1987.

Wells, Susan. “Classroom Heuristics and Empiricism.” College English 39 (December 1977): 467-76.

White, Edward M. “Post-Structural Literary Criticism and the Response to Student Writing.” CCC 35 (May 1984): 186-95.

Winterowd, W. Ross. “The Purification of Literature and Rhetoric.” College English 49 (March 1987): 257-73.

Zavarzadeh, Mas’ud, and Donald Morton. “Theory Pedagogy Politics: The Crisis of ‘The Subject’ in the Humanities.” Boundary 2 15 (Fall 1986/Winter 1987): 1-22.

Hoetker, James, and Gordon Brossell. “The Effects of Systematic Variations in Essay Topics on the Writing Performance of College Freshmen.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 414-421.

Abstract:

The authors conducted a study of Florida’s College-Level Academic Skills Test to see whether or not lower-level writers are put at a disadvantage when asked to respond to an open-ended frame topic instead of a more explicit, rhetorically situated essay question. Their study found that essay questions that gave more information about the rhetorical situation for the response, including information about audience and purpose, did not elicit better essays from either high-level or low-level writers than the frame topics.

Keywords:

ccc40.4 Topics Essays Students Scores Variations Readers Ability Practice Questions Writing Assessment Writers

Works Cited

Brossell, Gordon C “Rhetorical Specification in Essay Examination Topics.” College English 33 (December 1982): 165-73.

Brossell, Gordon C, and Barbara Hoetker Ash. “An Experiment with the Wording of Essay Topics.” CCC 35 (December 1984): 423-25.

Greenberg, Karen. The Effects of Variations in Essay Questions on the Writing Performance of CUNY Freshmen. New York: Instructional Resources Center, City University of New York, 1981.

McAndrew, Donald A. The Effects of an Assigned Rhetorical Context on the Holistic Quality and Syntax of the Writing of High and Low Ability College Writers. ERIC, 1981. ED 235 481.

—. “The Effects of an Assigned Rhetorical Context on the Syntax and Holistic Quality of the Writing of First Year College Students.” DA 43 (1982): 2911A. State U of New York at Buffalo.

Ruth, Leo, and Sandra Murphy. “Designing Topics for Writing Assessments: Problems of Meaning.” CCC 35 (December 1984): 410-42.

Faigley, Lester. “Judging Writing, Judging Selves.” CCC 40.4 (1989): 395-412.

Abstract:

This article, using recent theories of the self from a variety of disciplines, compares a 1929 admissions essay test with a recent collect of best student essays to show that teachers of writing look for the individual self in student texts – teachers are just as concerned about the student self that is presented in the text as the text itself. Students in the 1929 received high marks for incorporating references to standard sophisticated literary works and providing thoughtful reflection; students in the 1980s were rated highly if they wrote with an authentic voice, often resulting in first-person autobiographical essays. The author claims that insisting that students write authentically assumes a self-understanding that many do not possess yet, resulting in student writing that adopts a position of authority and power rather than writing that is grounded in a determined sense of self.

Keywords:

ccc40.4 Writing Self Students Writers Letters Essays Literature Autobiography WColes Evaluation

Works Cited

Adelstein, Michael E., and Jean G. Pival. The Writing Commitment. 4th ed. San Diego: Harcourt, 1988.

Althusser, Louis. “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.” Lenin and Philosophy and other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. London: New Left Books, 1971. 121-73.

Applebee, Arthur. Tradition and Reform in the Teaching of English: A History. Urbana: NCTE, 1974.

Baker, Sheridan. The Practical Stylist. 6th ed. New York: Harper, 1985.

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” When A Writer Can’t Write. Ed. Mike Rose. New York: Guilford, 1985. 134-65.

Belsey, Catherine. Critical Practice. London: Methuen, 1980. Berlin, James A. Rhetoric and Reality: Writing Instruction in American Colleges, 1900-1945. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

Bourdieu, Pierre. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, Trans. Richard Nice. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1984.

Coles, William E., Jr., and James Vopat, What Makes Writing Good. Lexington: Heath, 1985.

Commission on English. Examining the Examination in English: A Report to the College Entrance Examination Board. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1931.

Diederich, Paul B. Measuring Growth in English, Urbana: NCTE, 1974.

Doi, Takeo, The Anatomy of Dependence. Trans. John Brewster, Tokyo: Kodansha, 1973.

Easthope, Anthony. British Post-Structuralism. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988.

Foucault, Michel. “The Discourse on Language.” The Archaeology of Knowledge. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Harper & Row, 1976.215-37.

Harris, Joseph. “The Plural Text/The Plural Self: Roland Barthes and William Coles.” College English 49 (February 1987): 158-70.

Heath, Shirley Brice. “Toward an Ethnohistory of Writing in American Education.” Writing: The Nature, Development, and Teaching of Written Communication. Vol. 1. Ed, Marcia Farr Whiteman. Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1981. 25-45,

Kerek, Andrew, Don Daiker, and Max Morenberg, “Sentence Combining and College Composition.” Perceptual and Motor Skills: Monograph Supplement 51 (1980): 1059-1157.

Mauss, Marcel. “A Category of the Human Mind: The Notion of Person; The Notion of Self.” Trans, W. D. Halls. The Category of the Person: Anthropology, Philosophy, History, Ed. Michael Carrithers, Steven Collins, and Steven Lukes. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1985. 1-25, Trans, of “Une Categorie de l’Esprit Humain: La Notion de Personne, Celle de ‘Moi.'” 1938.

Morgan, Bob, “Three Dreams of Language; Or, No Longer Immured in the Bastille of the Humanist Word,” College English 49 (April 1987): 449-58.

North, Stephen M. The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field, Upper Montclair: Boynton/Cook, 1987.

Sommers, Nancy. “Responding to Student Writing.” CCC 33 (May 1982): 148-56.

Spring, Joel. The American School: 1642-1985. New York: Longman, 1986,

Therborn, Goran. The Ideology of Power and the Power of Ideology, London: Verso, 1980.

Thompson, John B. Studies in the Theory of Ideology. Cambridge: Polity, 1984.

Trachsel, Mary. “The History of College Entrance Examinations in English: A Record of Academic Assumptions about Literacy,” Diss. U of Texas, 1987.

Urban, Greg, “The ‘I’ of Discourse.” Semiotics, Self, and Society, Ed. Benjamin Lee and Greg Urban. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, in press.

Weedon, Chris. Feminist Practice and Poststructuralist Theory, London: Basil Blackwell, 1987.

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v40-1

Raymond, James C. Rev of The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field by Stephen M. North. CCC 40.1 (1989): 93-95.

Larson, Richard L. Rev of The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field by Stephen M. North. CCC 40.1 (1989): 95-98.

Lloyd-Jones, Richard. Rev of The Making of Knowledge in Composition: Portrait of an Emerging Field by Stephen M. North. CCC 40.1 (1989): 98-100.

Herrington, Anne J. Rev of How Writing Shapes Thinking: A Study of Teaching and Learning by Judith A. Langer and Arthur N. Applebee. CCC 40.1 (1989): 100-102.

Meyer, Paul R. Rev of Response to Student Writing by Sarah W. Freedman. CCC 40.1 (1989): 102-103.

Lipscomb, Delores. Rev of Sharing Writing: Peer Response Groups in English Classes by Karen Spear. CCC 40.1 (1989): 103-104.

Young, Art. Rev of Improving Student Writing: A Guidebook for Faculty in All Disciplines by Andrew Moss and Carol Holder. CCC 40.1 (1989): 104-105.

Leeson, Lee Ann. “Beyond Process Pedagogy: Making Connections between Classroom Practice and Adult Literacy.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 73-79.

Tinberg, Howard B. “Ethnography in the Writing Classroom.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 79-82.

Schreffler, Peter H. “‘Where All the Children Are above Average’: Garrison Keillor as a Model for Personal Narrative Assignments.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 82-85.

Coon, Anne C. “Using Ethical Questions to Develop Autonomy in Student Researchers.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 85-89.

Seabury, Marcia Bundy. “The Abstraction Ladder in Freshman Composition.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 89-92.

CCCC Committee on Professional Standards for Quality Education. “CCCC Initiatives on the Wyoming Conference Resolution: A Draft Report.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 61-72.

Abstract:

No works cited.

Olson, Gary A. and Joseph M. Moxley. “Directing Freshman Composition: The Limits of Authority.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 51-60.

Abstract:

The two authors conducted a study about the power, position, and responsibilities of writing program administrators by interviewing English department chairs. The survey showed that chairs want WPAs to be accessible and organized, to communicate well with faculty, and to train freshman composition instructors, but that chairs do not normally expect WPAs to assist in the creation of curricular policy. The authors believe that WPAs, as experts in composition and rhetoric, should have full control of the writing programs, act as co-chairs to the English department chair, and not be expected to take on an administrative role until they secure tenure.

Keywords:

ccc40.1 Programs Writing Programs WPA Director FYC Authority Chairs Faculty Departments Administration Control Tenure Policy

Works Cited

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “The WPA as (Journal) Writer: What the Record Reveals.” WPA: Writing Program Administration 9.1-2 (Fall-Winter 1985): 5-10.

CCCC Committee on Professional Guidance to Departments and Faculty. “Draft Statement of Professional Guidance to Junior Faculty and Department Chairs.” CCC 38 (December 1987): 493-97.

Connolly, Paul, and Teresa Vilardi. New Methods in College Writing Programs: Theories in Practice. New York: MLA, 1986.

Hairston, Maxine. “Some Speculations about the Future of Writing Programs.” WPA: Writing Program Administration 11. 3 (Spring 1988): 9-16.

Hatzog, Carol P. Composition and the Academy: A Study of Writing Program Administration. New York: MLA, 1986.

—-. “Freshman English 1984: Politics and Administrative Process.” WPA: Writing Program Administration 8.1-2 (Fall-Winter 1984): 7-15.

Polin, Linda G., and Edward M. White. “Speaking Frankly: Writing Program Administrators Look at Instructional Goals and Faculty Retraining.” WPA: Writing Program Administration 9.1-2 (Fall-Winter 1985): 19-30.

Robertson, Linda R., Sharon Crowley, and Frank Lentricchia. “The Wyoming Conference Resolution Opposing Unfair Salaries and Working Conditions for Post-Secondary Teachers of Writing.” College English 49 (March 1987): 274-80.

Bartholomae, David. “Freshman English, Composition, and CCCC.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 38-50.

Abstract:

In this article, the 1988 CCCC Chair’s Address, the author uses compares the two opening talks of the first CCCC convention to show how the convention struggled to redefine English and the first-year composition course. He reflects on the terms communication, composition, and conference to get a sense of where the field is now and what it could become in the future, stating that he is wary of calls for the creation of disciplinary boundaries in the field that could limit one of the field’s strengths, its diversity of interests and willingness to accept new ideas.

Keywords:

ccc40.1 ChairsAddress Composition CCCC FYC English Organization Literature Students Communication Language History Field Conferences Courses NCTE RWeaver JMcCrimmon

No works cited.

Dean, Terry. “Multicultural Classrooms, Monocultural Teachers.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 23-37.

Abstract:

This article challenges teachers of writing to acquire a wider knowledge of the cultures and histories of their individual students, citing that instructors who are sensitive to their students’ cultural diversity are better able to equip them with the knowledge they need to succeed at the university. The author describes theoretical models for multicultural classrooms and offers several teaching exercises and strategies to use for the purpose of raising issues of cultural diversity in the college composition classroom.

Keywords:

ccc40.1 Culture Students Home Schools Groups Mainstream University HomeCulture Multiculturalism Classrooms Identity Campus Family Teachers RRodriguez Minority Diversity

Works Cited

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” When a Writer Can’t Write. Ed. Mike Rose. New York: Guilford, 1985. 134-65.

Bizzell, Patricia. “What Happens When Basic Writers Come to College?” CCC 37 (October 1986): 294-301.

Bourdieu, Pierre, and Jean-Claude Passeron. The Inheritors: French Students and Their Relation to Culture. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1979.

Cummins, James. “Empowering Minority Students: A Framework for Intervention.” Harvard Educational Review 56 (February 1986): 18-36.

Fleming, Jacqueline. Blacks in College: A Comparative Study of Students’ Success in Black and in White Institutions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1985.

Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum, 1982.

—. The Politics of Education: Culture, Power, and Liberation. South Hadley, MA: Bergin & Garvey, 1985.

Geertz, Clifford. Local Knowledge. New York: Basic Books, 1983.

Groden, Suzy, Eleanor Kutz, and Vivian Zamel. “Students as Ethnographers: Investigating Language Use as a Way to Learn Language.” The Writing Instructor 6 (Spring-Summer 1987): 132-40.

Heath, Shirley Brice. Ways with Words: Language, Life, and Work in Communities and Classrooms. New York: Cambridge UP, 1983.

Holzman, Michael. “The Social Context of Literacy Education.” College English 48 (January 1986): 27-33.

Mitchell, Jacquelyn. “Reflections of a Black Social Scientist: Some Struggles, Some Doubts, Some Hopes.” Harvard Educational Review 52 (February 1982): 27-44.

Ogbu, John. The Next Generation: An Ethnography of Education in an Urban Neighborhood. New York: Academic Press, 1974.

Olson, Carol Booth, ed. Practical Ideas for Teaching Writing as a Process. Sacramento: California State Department of Education, 1986.

Petrie, Loretta. “Pulling Together the Multicultural Composition Class.” CCCC Convention. New Orleans, March 1986.

Philips, Susan Urmston. The Invisible Culture: Communication in the Classroom and Community on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. New York: Longman, 1983.

The Puente Project: Building Bridges. Berkeley: Bay Area Writing Project, 1985.

Rodriguez, Richard. Hunger of Memory. Boston: Bantam Books, 1982.

Steinberg, Stephen. The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America. New York: Atheneum, 1981.

Wauters, Joan. “Non-Confrontational Critiquing Pairs: An Alternative to Verbal Peer Response Groups.” The Writing Instructor 7 (Spring/Summer 1988): 156-66.

Harris, Joseph. “The Idea of Community in the Study of Writing.” CCC 40.1 (1989): 11-22.

Abstract:

This article argues against the idea of a coherent, unified academic discourse community and suggests that creating a binary between the language of the university and the language of students makes it difficult for scholars to talk about how or why people would move between these two communities. The author proposes that teachers of writing show students that adopting an additional discourse community does not cancel out their previous discourse community; rather, it only adds another layer of complexity to their use of language, and students should be taught to be conscious of and value the competing discourses that make up their own unique voice. The author also urges others in the field of composition to be aware of the conflicting discourses within the university community and suggests using community to refer to specific and local groups instead of broader ones.

Keywords:

ccc40.1 BraddockAward Community Discourse Writing Students University Language DBartholomae DiscourseCommunities Beliefs AcademicDiscourse RWilliams PublicLanguage

Works Cited

Barthes, Roland. S/Z. Trans. Richard Miller. New York: Hill, 1974.

Bartholomae, David. “Inventing the University.” When a Writer Can’t Write. Ed. Mike Rose. New York, Guilford, 1985. 134-65.

Bartholomae, David, and Anthony Petrosky. Facts, Artifacts, and Counterfacts: Theory and Method for a Reading and Writing Course . Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton/Cook, 1986.

Bazerman, Charles. “Some Difficulties in Characterizing Social Phenomena in Writing.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. Atlanta, March 1987.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Foundationalism and Anti-Foundationalism in Composition Studies.” Pre/Text 7 (Spring/Summer 1986): 37-57.

—. “What is a Discourse Community?” Penn State Conference on Rhetoric and Composition. University Park, July 1987.

Brodkey, Linda. Academic Writing as Social Practice. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1987.

Bruffee, Kenneth A. “Collaborative Learning and the ‘Conversation of Mankind.'” College English 46 (November 1984): 635-52.

Coles, Nicholas. “Raymond Williams: Writing Across Borders.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. St. Louis, March 1988.

Fish, Stanley. Is There a Text in This Class? Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1980.

—. “Change.” South Atlantic Quarterly 86 (Fall 1987): 423-44.

Herzberg, Bruce. “The Politics of Discourse Communities.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. New Orleans, March 1986.

Hirsch, E. D., Jr. Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Boston: Houghton, 1987.

Hymes, Dell. Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1974.

Lu, Min-zhan. “Teaching the Conventions of Academic Discourse: Structures of Feeling.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. St. Louis, March 1988.

Myers, Greg. “The Social Construction of Two Biologists’ Proposals.” Written Communication 2 (July 1985): 219-45.

Porter, James. “Intertextuality and the Discourse Community.” Rhetoric Review 5 (Fall 1986): 34-47.

Pratt, Mary Louise. “Interpretive Strategies/Strategic Interpretations: On Anglo-American Reader Response Criticism.” Boundary 2 11.1-2 (Fall/Winter 1982-83): 201-31.

Robbins, Bruce. “Professionalism and Politics: Toward Productively Divided Loyalties.” Profession 85: 1-9.

Rodriguez, Richard. Hunger of Memory. Boston: Godine, 1981.

Schilb, John. “When Bricolage Becomes Theory: The Hazards of Ignoring Ideology.” Midwest Modern Language Association. Chicago, November 1986.

Swales, John. “Approaching the Concept of Discourse Community.” Conference on College Composition and Communication. Atlanta, March 1987.

Williams, Raymond. Second Generation. New York: Horizon, 1964.

—. The Country and the City. New York: Oxford UP, 1973.

—. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society. New York: Oxford UP, 1976.

—. Marxism and Literature. New York: Oxford UP, 1977.

Click here to view the individual articles in this issue at http://www.ncte.org/cccc/ccc/issues/v40-2

Lunsford, Andrea A. Rev. of Quintilian on the Teaching of Speaking and Writing by James J. Murphy. CCC 40.2 (1989): 229-230.

Gage, John T. Rev. of The Literate Mode of Cicero’s Legal Rhetoric by Richard Leo Enos. CCC 40.2 (1989): 230-231.

Crusius, Timothy W. Rev. of In Defence of Rhetoric by Brian Vickers. CCC 40.2 (1989): 231-232.

Schilb, John. Rev. of The Art of Wondering: A Revisionist Return to the History of Rhetoric by William A. Covino. CCC 40.2 (1989): 233-234 .

Moran, Charles. Rev. of Plato, Derrida, and Writing by Jasper Neel. CCC 40.2 (1989): 234-236.

Woods, William F. Rev. of Human Communication as Narration: Toward a Philosophy of Reason, Value and Action by Walter R. Fisher. CCC 40.2 (1989): 236-238.

Summerfield, Geoffrey. Rev. of The Word for Teaching Is Learning: Essays for James Britton by Martin Lightfoot and Nancy Martin. CCC 40.2 (1989): 238-239.

Clifford, John. Rev. of A Preface to Literacy: An Inquiry into Pedagogy, Practice, and Progress by Myron C. Tuman. CCC 40.2 (1989): 239-241.

Gorrell, Donna. Rev. of Joining the Literacy Club: Further Essays into Education by Frank Smith. CCC 40.2 (1989): 241-242.

Campbell, Kim Sydow. Rev. of A Linguistic Study of American Punctuation by Charles F. Meyer. CCC 40.2 (1989): 242-243.

Myers, Greg. Rev. of Vocabulary: Applied Linguistic Perspectives by Ronald Carter. CCC 40.2 (1989): 243-244.

Greenberg, Karen L. Rev. of The IEA Study of Written Composition I: The International Writing Tasks and Scoring Scales by Tom P. Gorman, Alan C. Purves, and R. Elaine Degenhart. CCC 40.2 (1989): 244-245.

Hashimoto, I. Rev. of Writers on Writing by Tom Waldrep. CCC 40.2 (1989): 245-246.

Lovejoy, Kim Brian. Rev. of Research Projects for College Students: What to Write across the Curriculum by Marilyn Lutzker. CCC 40.2 (1989): 247-248.

Friedmann, Thomas. “Response to Carroll Viera, “The Grammarian as Basic Writer: An Exercise for Teachers.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 225-226.

Minot, Walter S. “Response to Richard H. Haswell, “Dark Shadows: The Fate of Writers at the Bottom.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 226-227.

Haswell, Richard H. “Reply by Richard H. Haswell.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 227.

Schwartz, Mimi. “Wearing the Shoe on the Other Foot: Teacher as Student Writer.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 203-210.

Heller, Dana A. “Silencing the Soundtrack: An Alternative to Marginal Comments.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 210-215.

Jenseth, Richard. “Understanding Hiroshima: An Assignment Sequence for Freshman English.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 215-219.

Fluitt-Dupuy, Jan. “Publishing a Newsletter: Making Composition Classes More Meaningful.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 219-223.

Stewart, Donald C. “What Is an English Major, and What Should It Be?” CCC 40.2 (1989): 188-202.

Abstract:

This article uses a study of 194 undergraduate English major programs at American colleges and universities to answer two questions: what do undergraduate English major students perceive the field of English to be and what knowledge from the field do they take with them into their careers. The study found that most undergraduate English major programs primarily emphasize literature and literary analysis instead of creative writing, composition and rhetoric, and linguistics. The author argues that to better prepare students for future careers in the field, which require knowledge in subjects other than literature, undergraduate English major courses should provide more opportunities for students to take courses and have tracks in writing, rhetoric, and linguistics.

Keywords:

ccc40.2 Composition Courses Curriculum English EnglishStudies Literature Rhetoric Programs Departments Majors EnglishMajor Linguistics History CreativeWriting

Works Cited

Aristotle. Rhetoric. Trans. Lane Cooper. Englewood Cliffs: NJ: Prentice Hall, 1932.

Austin, Penelope. “Spiralling Toward Paradise: Toward an Ideal Ph.D. Writing Program,” AWP Newsletter (September 1986): 1-4.

Berlin, James. Rhetoric and Reality: Writing in American Colleges, 1900-1985. CCCC Studies in Writing and Rhetoric. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

Blair, Hugh. Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles-Lettres. Ed. Harold F. Harding. 2 vols. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1965.

Burhans, Clinton. “The Teaching of Writing and the Knowledge Gap.” College English 45 (November 1983): 639-56.

Campbell, George. The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Ed. Lloyd F. Bitzer. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1963.

Chapman, David, and Gary Tate. “A Survey of Doctoral Programs in Rhetoric and Composition.” Rhetoric Review 5 (Spring 1987); 124-86.

Cicero. De Oratore. Trans. J. S. Watson. Southern Illinois University Press Landmarks in Rhetoric and Public Address. Ed. David Potter. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1970.

Cutler, Bruce. “What Happens If We Win?” AWP Newsletter (May 1986): 5-7.

Golden, James, and Edward P. J. Corbett. The Rhetoric of Blair, Campbell, and Whately, New York: Holt, 1968.

Howell, Wilbur Samuel. Logic and Rhetoric in England: 1500-1700, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1956.

—. Eighteenth-Century British Logic and Rhetoric, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1971.

Kitzhaber, Albert R. “Death-or Transfiguration?” College English 21 (April 1960); 367-73.

—. “Rhetoric in American Colleges: 1850-1900.” Diss. U of Washington, 1953.

Murphy, James. Rhetoric in the Middle Ages, Berkeley: U of California P, 1974.

Plato. Gorgias. Trans. Walter Hamilton. New York: Penguin, 1960.

—. Phaedrus, Trans. R. Hackforth. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1952.

Quintilian. The Institutes of Oratory, Trans. John Selby Watson. London: George Bell and Sons, 1887.

Scott, Fred Newton. “The Report on College Entrance Requirements in English.” Educational Review 20 (October 1900): 289-94.

—. “Rhetoric.” The New International Encyclopedia. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1902-04.

Stewart, Donald C. “Comp. Vs. Lit.: Which Is Your Job and Which Is Your Strength?” College English 40 (September 1978): 65-69.

Whately, Richard. Elements of Rhetoric. Ed. Douglas Ehninger. Carbondale; Southern Illinois UP, 1963.

Murphy, Ann. “Transference and Resistance in the Basic Writing Classroom: Problematics and Praxis.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 175-187.

Abstract:

The author, using Freud’s analogy between teaching, psychoanalysis, and government, explores both the power relations in basic writing classrooms and the ways that psychoanalytic theory can enlighten composition teaching practices. This article explains how the theoretical model of Lacanian psychoanalytic pedagogy fails in the writing classroom because it does not take into account both the authoritative role a writing instructor has over students and the lack of training writing teachers have to deal with the issues that arise in exploratory personal writing.

Keywords:

ccc40.2 Students Psychoanalysis Teaching Writing SFreud JLacan Transference Resistance Classrooms Language Power Composition Process Theory Analysis RBrooke

Works Cited

Brooke, Robert. “Lacan, Transference, and Writing Instruction.” College English 49 (October 1987): 679-91.

Bruch, Hilde. Learning Psychotherapy: Rationale and Ground Rules. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1974.

Davis, Robert Con. “Pedagogy, Lacan, and the Freudian Subject.” College English 49 (November 1987): 749-55.

Felman, Shoshana. “Psychoanalysis and Education: Teaching Terminable and Interminable.” Yale French Studies 63 (1982): 21-44.

Freud, Sigmund. “Analysis Terminable and Interminable.” Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. 24 vols. London: Hogarth Press, 1964. 23:216-53.

—. An Outline of Psycho-Analysis. Trans. James Strachey. New York: Norton, 1969.

—. “Transference.” A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis. Garden City: Garden City Publishing, 1943. 374-89.

Hairston, Maxine. “Different Products, Different Processes: A Theory About Writing.” CCC 37 (December 1986): 442-52.

Jay, Gregory. “The Subject of Pedagogy: Lessons in Psychoanalysis and Politics.” College English 49 (November 1987): 785-800.

Johnson, Barbara. “Teaching Deconstructively.” Writing and Reading Differently: Deconstruction and the Teaching of Composition and Literature. Ed. G. Douglas Atkins and Michael Johnson. Lawrence: U of Kansas P, 1985. 140-48.

Lacan, Jacques. “The Insistence of the Letter in the Unconscious.” The Structuralists from Marx to Levi-Strauss. Ed. Richard and Fernande De George. Garden City: Doubleday, 1972. 287-323.

McGee, Patrick. “Truth and Resistance: Teaching as a Form of Analysis.” College English 49 (October 1987): 667-78.

Malcolm, Janet. Psychoanalysis: The Impossible Profession. New York: Random, 1982.

Perelman, Les. “The Context of Classroom Writing.” College English 48 (September 1986): 471-79.

Ritchie, Joy S. “Beginning Writers: Diverse Voices and Individual Identity.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 152-174.

Abstract:

This article uses the author’s own observations of an introductory composition class to investigate the dynamics of workshops in college composition classrooms, showing that the rhetorical situation present in the workshop is always changing and must be addressed in discussions surrounding the pedagogical value of workshops. Her study shows that workshops are unpredictable because each writing class contains different students who bring different histories and needs to the table. Students develop their own voices within this polyphony and simultaneously become part of a larger classroom community. The author also argues that fruitful workshops arise when instructors are willing to relinquish some of their control of the classroom to give the class the freedom and opportunity to direct their learning.

Keywords:

ccc40.2 Writing Students Language Clasrooms MBakhtin Teachers Workshops Discourse Process Voices Experience Ideas Values Response BeginningWriters Identity

Works Cited

Applebee, Arthur. Contexts for Learning to Write. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1984.

Bakhtin, Mikhail. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981. 259-422.

—. “From Notes Made in 1970-71.” Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Trans. Vern McGee. Austin: U of Texas P, 1986. 132-59.

—. “The Problem of the Text.” Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Trans. Vern McGee. Austin: U of Texas P, 1986. 101-31.

Bartholomae, David. “Writing Assignments: Where Writing Begins.” FForum. Ed. Patricia L. Stock. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton/Cook, 1983. 300-12.

Bizzell, Patricia. “Arguing about Literacy.” College English 50 (Feb. 1988): 141-53.

Brooke, Robert. “Underlife and Writing Instruction.” CCC 38 (May 1987): 141-53.

Clark, Katerina, and Michael Holquist. Mikhail Bakhtin. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1984.

Elbow, Peter. Embracing Contraries. New York: Oxford UP, 1986.

—. Writing without Teachers. New York: Oxford UP, 1973.

Knoblauch, C. H., and Lil Brannon. Rhetorical Traditions and the Teaching of Writing. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton-Cook, 1984.

Murray, Donald. A Writer Teaches Writing. 2nd ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1985.

Schuster, Charles. “Mikhail Bakhtin as Rhetorical Theorist.” College English 47 (Oct. 1985): 594-607.

Trimbur, John. “Beyond Cognition: The Voices in Inner Speech.” Rhetoric Review 5 (Spring 1987): 211-21.

Volosinov, V.N. Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. Trans. Ladislav Matejka and LR. Titunik. New York: Seminar Press, 1973.

Vygotsky, Lev. Thought and Language. Cambridge: MIT P, 1962.

Winterowd, W. Ross. “Composition Textbooks: Publisher-Author Relationships.” CCC 40.2 (1989): 139-151.

Abstract:

The author, who has worked with several publishing companies, uses seven case studies of publisher-author relations to show the degree of power publishers have in the creation of textbooks. He argues that publishing houses are driven in their decisions by economics. The article recommends that authors always consult with a lawyer during contract negotiations, submit minimum proposals instead of full manuscripts, and try to work with publishers who are interested in the value of their work.

Keywords:

ccc40.2 Authors Publishers Contracts Work Publishing Textbooks Composition Proposal Manuscript Editors Integrity Market Royalties

Works Cited

Adelstein, Michael E., and Jean G. Pival. The Writing Commitment. 4th ed. San Diego: Harcourt, 1988.

Applebee, Arthur N. Tradition and Reform in the Teaching of English: A History. Urbana: NCTE, 1974.

Axelrod, Rise B., and Charles R. Cooper. The St. Martin’s Guide to Writing. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin’s, 1988.

Beaugrande, Robert de. “Composition Textbooks: Ethnography and Proposal.”‘ Written Communication 2 (October 1985): 391-413.

Berlin, James A. Rhetoric and Reality: Writing Instruction in American Colleges, 1900-1985. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1987.

—. Writing Instruction in Nineteenth-Century American Colleges. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984.

Coles, William E., Jr. Composing II: Writing as a Self-Creating Process. Rochelle Park, NJ: Hayden, 1981.

Connors, Robert J. “‘Textbooks and the Evolution of the Discipline.”‘ CCC 37 (May 1986): 177-94.

Hodges, John c., and Mary E. Whitten. The Harbrace College Handbook. 10th ed. San Diego: Harcourt, 1986.

Muther, Connie. “Textbook Deals: Is Your Board Putting Cost before Curriculum?” American School Board Journal 173 (January 1986): 32-34.

Ohmann, Richard. English in America: A Radical View of the Profession. New York: Oxford UP, 1976.

Stewart, Donald C. “Composition Textbooks and the Assault on Tradition.” CCC 29 (May 1978): 171-76.

—. “NCTE’s First President and the Movement for Language Reform.” College English 48 (September 1986): 444-56.

—. “Some History Lessons for Composition Teachers.” Rhetoric Review 3 (January 1985): 134-44.

—. “The Status of Composition and Rhetoric in American Colleges, 1890-1902: An MLA Perspective.” College English 47 (November 1985): 734-46.

“TAA Members vs. CBS, a Decision in Three Rounds.” TAA Report 2 (October 1988): 1-2.

Textbook Authors Association. “Some Issues and Questions an Author Might Address Before Signing A Publishing Contract for a Textbook.” 1987.

Trimmer, Joseph H., and James M. McCrimmon. Writing with a Purpose. 9th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.

Welch, Kathleen E. ” Ideology and Freshman Textbook Production: The Place of Theory in Writing Pedagogy .” CCC 38 (October 1987): 269-82.

Winterowd, W. Ross. “The Purification of Literature and Rhetoric.” College English 49 (October 1987): 257-73.

Young, Richard E. “Recent Developments in Rhetorical Invention.” Teaching Composition: Twelve Bibliographical Essays. Ed. Gary Tate. Rev. and enlarged ed. Fort Worth: Texas Christian UP, 1987. 1-38.

Young, Richard E., Alton L. Becker, and Kenneth L. Pike. Rhetoric: Discovery and Change. New York: Harcourt, 1970.

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